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. 2023 Dec 14;12:639. Originally published 2023 Jun 12. [Version 2] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.133199.2

Table 6. Conclusion table of the impact of proposed scenario over the case study building: author.

Finding Application Impact
Natural Daylight (Controlled Glare) Application of solar sensor exterior shading device over the building façades and interior reflective solar shelves.
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    8.5% decrease in exposure to direct sunlight.
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    Decrease in the solar glare.
Circadian Rhythm Providing supplemental light at the height of 45 cm above the work surface. Influences the circadian rhythm of employees to enhance productivity.
Natural Ventilation (Interchangeably with HVAC)
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    Application of 25% operable window to the office building façades.
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    Placing a high-level window opposite to the curtain wall windows creates cross ventilation.
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    Operable skylight to allow natural ventilation
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    20% improvement in single office airflow.
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    16.6% decrease in the air velocity of the full building.
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    Enhanced overall building airflow.
Thermal Comfort
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    Application of automatic shading device over the building façades.
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    Providing two heights of operable windows:
    • Higher operable windows for cold weather.
    • Lower operable window for mild/warm weather.
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    Placing a high-level window opposite to the curtain wall windows and allowing air access from the skylight creates cross ventilation.
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    Adding double-glazing glass for the skylight.
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    20.2%-35.6% overall decrease in the thermal heat gain throughout the year.
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    4.7% decrease in overall air temperature per year.
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    Enhanced the illuminance distribution, temperature distribution, and air temperature.
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    Temperature distribution enhanced by an average of 7%.