Table 2:

Age-Related Differences in QSM for Cortical, Limbic, and White Matter Regions

			QSM Region
First author (year)	N	Age	FC	TC	PC	OC	HC	AM	WM
Acosta-Cabronero et al. (2016)	116	20-79	++	+	++	0	0	0	0
Betts et al. (2016)	42	18-30
	25	61-70	++	+	+	+	+	+	+
Howard et al. (2022)	67	18-78	+	+	+		0	0
Kalpouzos et al. (2021)	208	20-79	+	+	+	+
Zachariou et al. (2023)	95	60-86	+	+	+	+
Zachariou et al. (2021)	73	61-86	+	0	+	0
Li et al. (2014)	191	1-83	+		+		+
Chiang et al. (2022)	32	50-87	0	0	0		0	0
van Bergen et al. (2018a)	80	55-96	−	−	−		0	0
Gustavsson et al. (2022)	208	20-79	Δ
Bilgic et al. (2012)	11	21-29
	12	64-86					0
Xu et al. (2008)	78	22-78					+
Koskimäki et al. (2020)	7	18-49
	11	50-79							+

Note. QSM = quantitative susceptibility mapping. Age = range or mean years of age of sample.

For studies with two or more age groups, age group differences are presented in the cells for the oldest group. For each region, symbols indicate observations of increases (+), decreases (−), or non-significant differences (0) in susceptibility as a function of increasing age. Duplicate symbols (++) indicate that the magnitude of the age effect was larger for that region relative to other regions examined. Blank cells indicate that the region was not examined in the corresponding study. Studies are sorted by age effects in the frontal lobe.

FC = frontal cortex; TC = temporal cortex; PC = parietal cortex; OC = occipital cortex; HC = hippocampus; AM = amygdala; WM = white matter; Δ = longitudinal change.