Table 2.
Differences in neuropsychological measures between FOG+ (N = 144) and FOG- (N = 144) matched on age, sex and disease duration.
| Variable | FOG+(N = 144) | FOG-(N = 144) | N FOG+ /FOG- | Value of ps | Significance | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Median | IQR | Mean | SD | Median | IQR | |||||
| CUPRO Evaluation System | IS 1 (/3) | 1.81 | 1.17 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.28 | 1.03 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 144/144 | p < 0.001 | * |
| IS 2 (/3) | 2.14 | 1.01 | 3.00 | 2.00 | 2.38 | 1.16 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 144/144 | p = 0.084 | ||
| CUPRO total score (/6) | 3.94 | 2.10 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.66 | 1.78 | 6.00 | 2.00 | 144/144 | p = 0.004 | * | |
| Global Cognition | MOCA total score (/30) | 25.85 | 2.68 | 26.00 | 4.00 | 26.71 | 2.36 | 27.00 | 3.25 | 144/144 | p = 0.007 | * |
| Psychomotor speed / Mental flexibility | TMT-A (sec) | 56.64 | 32.28 | 47.50 | 29.25 | 49.25 | 23.56 | 45.00 | 22.00 | 140/137 | p = 0.021 | * |
| TMT-B (sec) | 149.4 | 80.82 | 125.00 | 106.20 | 115.1 | 62.99 | 97.00 | 51.00 | 140/137 | p < 0.001 | * | |
| Delta TMT (sec) | 92.79 | 71.66 | 74.50 | 94.25 | 65.80 | 49.60 | 48.00 | 46.00 | 140/137 | p < 0.001 | * | |
Neuropsychological assessment. The extended evaluation system: the first intermediate score (IS1) (our outcome variable of interest) evaluates the drawing procedure. The second intermediate score (IS2) evaluates visuo-constructive functions.N, sample size; SD, standard deviations; FOG+, freezers, FOG–, non-freezers; CUPRO, Cube drawing procedure, extended evaluation system of the Cube Copying Task; IS, intermediate score; TMT, Trail-Making-Test; Delta TMT: (TMT-B)–(TMT-A); MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment.* Significant at the 5% level (p-value ≤ 0.05) (two-tailed).