Table 1.
Mitral valve geometry and kinematics in each experimental group
| Control | fMR | tMR | Control vs fMR | Control vs tMR | fMR vs tMR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Mitral annular and leaflet geometry and areas | ||||||
| SL diameter (mm) | 25.3 ± 3.1 | 33.6 ± 2.0 | 33.6 ± 2.6 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p > 0.9999 |
| CC diameter (mm) | 35.5 (34.5–38.0) | 40.0 (39.0–40.8) | 39.3 (37.6–44.4) | p = 0.0446 | p = 0.0775 | p > 0.9999 |
| A1 length (mm) | 13.1 ± 1.6 | 14.8 ± 1.3 | 15.8 ± 2.2 | p = 0.1409 | p = 0.0089 | p = 0.5783 |
| A2 length (mm) | 20.7 ± 2.3 | 22.7 ± 2.4 | 24.8 ± 3.2 | p = 0.2687 | p = 0.0060 | p = 0.3136 |
| A3 length (mm) | 13.4 ± 1.8 | 15.5 ± 1.5 | 15.3 ± 1.6 | p = 0.0430 | p = 0.0551 | p = 0.9752 |
| A1 area (mm2) | 123.9 ± 27.6 | 161.4 ± 26.7 | 163.3 ± 47.2 | p = 0.0831 | p = 0.0510 | p = 0.9942 |
| A2 area (mm2) | 240.2 ± 51.7 | 267.4 ± 49.5 | 337.6 ± 86.3 | p = 0.6548 | p = 0.0077 | p = 0.1278 |
| A3 area (mm2) | 136.1 ± 22.5 | 167.4 ± 26.5 | 167.3 ± 21.6 | p = 0.0302 | p = 0.0226 | p > 0.9999 |
| P1 length (mm) | 14.4 ± 2.3 | 16.8 ± 1.6 | 14.5 ± 2.3 | p = 0.0931 | p = 0.9961 | p = 0.1679 |
| P2 length (mm) | 13.1 ± 1.6 | 14.8 ± 1.3 | 15.8 ± 2.2 | p = 0.1409 | p = 0.0089 | p = 0.5783 |
| P3 length (mm) | 14.4 ± 1.6 | 13.9 ± 1.3 | 13.4 ± 1.3 | p = 0.8016 | p = 0.3803 | p = 0.8336 |
| P1 area (mm2) | 191.1 ± 30.3 | 193.3 ± 24.6 | 190.2 ± 36.9 | p = 0.9889 | p = 0.9979 | p = 0.9826 |
| P2 area (mm2) | 184.8 ± 28.4 | 205.3 ± 42.0 | 204.8 ± 26.1 | p = 0.3951 | p = 0.3769 | p = 0.9995 |
| P3 area (mm2) | 198.4 ± 44.6 | 260.1 ± 36.0 | 228.2 ± 72.8 | p = 0.0459 | p > 0.9999 | p = 0.2797 |
| AL area (mm2) | 500.1 ± 85.0 | 596.1 ± 39.3 | 668.1 ± 122.8 | p = 0.0981 | p = 0.0016 | p = 0.3361 |
| PL area (mm2) | 574.3 ± 84.2 | 658.7 ± 57.6 | 623.2 ± 110.8 | p = 0.1455 | p = 0.4677 | p = 0.7487 |
| Mitral valve systolic geometric indices | ||||||
| Coaptation length (mm) | 8.4 ± 1.1 | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.2089 |
| Tenting height (mm) | 5.8 ± 1.2 | 10.1 ± 1.5 | 9.6 ± 1.3 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.7837 |
| Tenting area (mm2) | 100.1 ± 30.5 | 235.2 ± 18.5 | 202.2 ± 43.6 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.1815 |
| Mitral valve kinematics | ||||||
| Systolic-AL angle (°) | 22.0 ± 4.6 | 23.7 ± 4.1 | 22.0 ± 5.4 | p = 0.7531 | p > 0.9999 | p = 0.8035 |
| Diastolic-AL angle (°) | 72.9 ± 7.3 | 58.3 ± 6.3 | 67.1 ± 8.8 | p = 0.0016 | p = 0.2455 | p = 0.1080 |
| AL excursion angle (°) | 50.9 ± 5.8 | 34.7 ± 4.4 | 45.1 ± 6.6 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.1000 | p = 0.0084 |
| Systolic-PL angle (°) | 32.7 ± 8.1 | 46.7 ± 4.4 | 49.6 ± 12.6 | p = 0.0098 | p = 0.0011 | p = 0.8276 |
| Diastolic-PL angle (°) | 96.3 ± 13.9 | 87.5 ± 14.2 | 96.6 ± 9.2 | p = 0.3603 | p = 0.9987 | p = 0.4300 |
| PL excursion angle (°) | 63.6 ± 10.4 | 40.8 ± 17.0 | 47.0 ± 10.5 | p = 0.0021 | p = 0.0179 | p = 0.6345 |
SL septal-lateral, CC commissure-commissure, A anterior, P posterior, AL anterior leaflet, PL posterior leaflet