. 2024 Jan 18;12:8. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-00968-3

Table 3.

Frequency and duration of mealtime behaviors at each time point

	Baseline (N = 51)* M (SD)	Mid-treatment (N = 29)* M (SD)	End of Treatment (N = 20)* M (SD)
Behavior latency (in seconds)
Approach serving table	18.7 (43.9) N = 49	26.5 (65.7) N = 27	57.1 (206.1) N = 20
Eating	188.0 (118.8) N = 43	171.8 (110.1) N = 24	128.6 (65.6) N = 19
Nibbling/picking	622.3 (375.2) N = 16	403.9 (267.3) N = 10	407.0 (403.2) N = 5
Serve food	39.8 (43.9) N = 43	82.0 (210.8) N = 26	77.0 (203.3) N = 20
Behavior frequency
Approach serving table	2.4 (1.9) N = 45 (88%)	2.1 (1.6) N = 26 (90%)	1.7 (1.0) N = 20 (100%)
Dissecting	4.6 (4.4) N = 9 (18%)	2.9 (3.1) N = 9 (31%)	1.5 (0.8) N = 6 (30%)
Dropping food	2.0 (1.0) N = 3 (6%)	1.0 N = 1 (3%)	N = 0 (0%)
Eating whilst serving	4.5 (4.3) N = 8 (16%)	2.3 (2.3) N = 6 (21%)	5.0 N = 1 (5%)
Hand fidgeting	7.1 (7.1) N = 41 (80%)	8.3 (6.4) N = 22 (85%)	10.5 (7.6) N = 12 (60%)
Inappropriate utensil use	13.7 (23.2) N = 9 (18%)	9.5 (8.6) N = 4 (14%)	8.5 (3.5) N = 2 (10%)
Label checking	4.4 (8.2) N = 26 (51%)	3.1 (2.9) N = 13 (45%)	4.0 N = 1 (5%)
Napkin use	9.4 (7.2) N = 34 (67%)	8.1 (5.9) N = 21 (72%)	11.7 (10.5) N = 14 (70%)
Nibbling/picking	6.9 (6.1) N = 16 (31%)	10.6 (11.8) N = 10 (34%)	10.4 (11.3) N = 5 (25%)
Smearing	4.0 N = 1 (2%)	2.6 (1.8) N = 5 (17%)	N = 0 (0%)
Staring at food	7.7 (5.1) N = 47 (92%)	6.4 (5.9) N = 19 (66%)	6.0 (3.6) N = 13 (65%)
Tearing	2.7 (2.1) N = 15 (29%)	10.0 (10.6) N = 11 (38%)	3.8 (2.6) N = 4 (20%)
Behavior duration (in seconds)
Eating	1163.4 (461.2) N = 44	994.7 (457.3) N = 23	1044.4 (406.5) N = 19
Serving	134.9 (94.0) N = 43	95.3 (93.1) N = 27	72.7 (65.4) N = 20
Staring at food	167.9 (124.7) N = 47	152.2 (140.9) N = 19	224.5 (246.4) N = 13

Baseline (N = 51)*
M (SD)

Mid-treatment (N = 29)*
M (SD)

End of Treatment (N = 20)*
M (SD)

Behavior latency (in seconds)

Approach serving table

18.7 (43.9)

N = 49

26.5 (65.7)

N = 27

57.1 (206.1)

N = 20

Eating

188.0 (118.8)

N = 43

171.8 (110.1)

N = 24

128.6 (65.6)

N = 19

Nibbling/picking

622.3 (375.2)

N = 16

403.9 (267.3)

N = 10

407.0 (403.2)

N = 5

Serve food

39.8 (43.9)

N = 43

82.0 (210.8)

N = 26

77.0 (203.3)

N = 20

Behavior frequency

Approach serving table

2.4 (1.9)

N = 45 (88%)

2.1 (1.6)

N = 26 (90%)

1.7 (1.0)

N = 20 (100%)

Dissecting

4.6 (4.4)

N = 9 (18%)

2.9 (3.1)

N = 9 (31%)

1.5 (0.8)

N = 6 (30%)

Dropping food

2.0 (1.0)

N = 3 (6%)

1.0

N = 1 (3%)

N = 0 (0%)

Eating whilst serving

4.5 (4.3)

N = 8 (16%)

2.3 (2.3)

N = 6 (21%)

5.0

N = 1 (5%)

Hand fidgeting

7.1 (7.1)

N = 41 (80%)

8.3 (6.4)

N = 22 (85%)

10.5 (7.6)

N = 12 (60%)

Inappropriate utensil use

13.7 (23.2)

N = 9 (18%)

9.5 (8.6)

N = 4 (14%)

8.5 (3.5)

N = 2 (10%)

Label checking

4.4 (8.2)

N = 26 (51%)

3.1 (2.9)

N = 13 (45%)

4.0

N = 1 (5%)

Napkin use

9.4 (7.2)

N = 34 (67%)

8.1 (5.9)

N = 21 (72%)

11.7 (10.5)

N = 14 (70%)

Nibbling/picking

6.9 (6.1)

N = 16 (31%)

10.6 (11.8)

N = 10 (34%)

10.4 (11.3)

N = 5 (25%)

Smearing

4.0

N = 1 (2%)

2.6 (1.8)

N = 5 (17%)

N = 0 (0%)

Staring at food

7.7 (5.1)

N = 47 (92%)

6.4 (5.9)

N = 19 (66%)

6.0 (3.6)

N = 13 (65%)

Tearing

2.7 (2.1)

N = 15 (29%)

10.0 (10.6)

N = 11 (38%)

3.8 (2.6)

N = 4 (20%)

Behavior duration (in seconds)

Eating

1163.4 (461.2)

N = 44

994.7 (457.3)

N = 23

1044.4 (406.5)

N = 19

Serving

134.9 (94.0)

N = 43

95.3 (93.1)

N = 27

72.7 (65.4)

N = 20

Staring at food

167.9 (124.7)

N = 47

152.2 (140.9)

N = 19

224.5 (246.4)

N = 13

*One video at baseline and end of treatment as well as two videos at mid-treatment were not coded due to issues with video recording. The number of participants in each variable differs due to some participants completing a behavior, e.g., approaching or not approaching buffet, and is listed for each variable and timepoint