Table 3.
Summary of the literature published in the last 15 years on patients treated for transphyseal distal humerus fracture sustained at birth
| Author | Case(s) | Delivery | Age at Diagnosis (days) |
Imaging | Treatment | Follow-up (months) | Complications/Remarks/Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jacobsen [59] (2009) |
6 | Protrusion of arm | 12 |
XR, arthrogram |
Cast (no reduction) | 16 |
- Callus on initial radiographs - Normal alignment |
| Normal | 2 | XR,US | Traction + closed reduction + cast | 78 | - Normal alignment | ||
| Breech twin arm stuck | 14 | XR | Cast (no reduction) | 60 |
- Callus on initial radiographs - Normal alignment - Slightly reduced ROM |
||
| Cephalic fast delivery | 9 | XR,US | Cast (no reduction) | 54 |
- Callus on initial radiographs - Normal alignment |
||
| Long | 1 | XR,US,MRI | Closed reduction + cast | 21 | - Slightly reduced valgus | ||
| Normal | 30 | XR | Cast (no reduction) | 120 |
- Callus on initial radiographs - Normal alignment |
||
| Söyüncü [81] (2009) | 1 | VD | 5 | XR,US,MRI | Open reduction + K-wire + posterior splint | 16 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
|
Catena [75] (2009) |
1 | CS | 1 | XR,US | Closed Reduction + cast | 12 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
|
Sherr-Lurie [22] (2011) |
2 | CS: n=1 VD: n=1 | - | XR,US | Closed Reduction + cast | 6 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
|
Sabat [79] (2011) |
1 | CS | 5 | XR,MRI | Closed reduction + posterior plaster slab | 1 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
| Navallas [80] (2013) | 1 | cs | 1 | XR,US | Closed Reduction + cast | 4 |
- Complete ROM - 10º of varus |
|
Kamaci [82] (2014) |
1 | CS | 2 | - | Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + long arm splint | 6 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
|
Patil [91] (2015) |
1 | VD | 2 | XR,US | Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + immobilization | 2.5 | - Complete ROM |
|
Lin [83] (2016) |
1 | CS | 5 |
XR,MRI, Arthrogram |
Open reduction + K-wire + cast | 2 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment |
|
Tharakan [84] (2016) |
1 | VD |
XR,MRI, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + posterior plaster splint | 12 | - Complete ROM; Normal alignment | |
|
Kay [65] (2017) |
4 | CS | 1 | XR | Immobilization | - | Normal alignment |
| 4 |
XR, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + immobilization | - | Normal alignment | |||
| 7 | XR,US | Immobilization | - | Normal alignment | |||
| 1 | XR, MRI | Immobilization | - | Normal alignment | |||
|
Gigante [76] (2017) |
5 | VD | 3 | XR | Closed Reduction + cast | 60 | Complete ROM |
| VD | 1 | XR,US | Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + cast | 15 | Complete ROM | ||
| VD | 2 | XR | Closed Reduction + cast | 27 | Complete ROM | ||
| CS | 2 | XR,US | Closed Reduction + cast | 36 | Complete ROM | ||
| VD | 1 | XR | Closed Reduction + cast | 12 | 5º of cubitus varus | ||
|
Hariharan [87] (2019) |
9 | CS: n=6 VD: n=3 | - | - | Surgery | - | - |
|
Tan [85] (2022) |
1 | - | 4 |
XR,US,MRI, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire + cast | - | - |
|
Galeotti [86] (2023) |
10 | CS: n=1 VD: n=9 | 1 | XR | Closed reduction + cast | 120 |
-Loss of reduction – 2nd treatment: Closed reduction + cast - Complete ROM - Normal alignment - episodes of 5th finger paresthesia |
| 8 | XR,US,MRI | Closed reduction + cast | 120 |
- Complete ROM; Normal alignment - elbow pain (occasional) |
|||
| 3 | XR,US,MRI | Closed reduction + cast | 12 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 2 | XR,US | Closed reduction + cast | 15 |
-Loss of reduction - Second treatment: Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire - Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 6 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + cast | 16 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 6 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire | 24 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 9 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire | 21 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 9 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire | 16 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 3 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire | 14 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
|||
| 2 |
XR,US, Arthrogram |
Closed reduction + percutaneus K-wire | 12 |
- Complete ROM - Normal alignment |
CS cesarean section, FU follow-up, M months, ROM range of motion, US ultrasound, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, VD vaginal delivery, W weeks, XR X-Ray