Table 5.
Comparison of Donabedian indicators for the management of peripheral arterial disease in 17 Belgian hospitals
| Hospitals | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCUP code | Atherosclerosis (n) | 233 | 13 | 93 | 63 | 175 | 288 | 178 | 115 | 231 | 83 | 72 | 133 | 81 | 89 | 43 | 146 | 61 | ||
| Graft/Prosthetic complications (n) | 11 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 21 | 5 | 17 | 12 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 12 | ||||||
| Gangrene (n) | 49 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 18 | 27 | 23 | 6 | 16 | 23 | 27 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 2 | 5 | ||||
| Total (n) | 293 | 23 | 102 | 71 | 195 | 336 | 206 | 138 | 259 | 118 | 101 | 138 | 85 | 100 | 48 | 151 | 73 | |||
| Population | Gender (%) | Male | 64 | 64 | 64 | 52 | 68 | 70 | 72 | 66 | 69 | 58 | 67 | 67 | 73 | 64 | 65 | 55 | 75 | |
| Female | 36 | 36 | 36 | 48 | 32 | 30 | 28 | 34 | 31 | 42 | 33 | 33 | 27 | 36 | 35 | 45 | 25 | |||
| Age (year) | M | 67.2 | 74.1 | 64.2 | 71.2 | 67.5 | 70.9 | 66.4 | 69.4 | 68.9 | 68.7 | 67.4 | 67.8 | 68.9 | 72.5 | 66.9 | 68.5 | 66.9 | ||
| SD | 11.6 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 9.2 | 11.5 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 9.1 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | |||
| Charlson index | M | 3.1 | 3.5 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.2 | ||
| D | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.1 | |||
| Stay | Admission type | Planned | 267 | 17 | 93 | 67 | 176 | 295 | 184 | 125 | 249 | 102 | 89 | 129 | 80 | 91 | 37 | 146 | 64 | |
| Emergency via ED | 25 | 6 | 9 | 4 | 16 | 33 | 20 | 13 | 8 | 16 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 8 | |||
| Emergency without ED | 1 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Length of stay | M | 8.02 | 17.91 | 3.70 | 4.32 | 7.72 | 5.80 | 7.60 | 4.89 | 6.58 | 8.40 | 7.34 | 4.05 | 5.44 | 7.83 | 8.57 | 5.56 | 3.89 | ||
| SD | 9.00 | 23.75 | 3.89 | 6.58 | 14.09 | 10.83 | 17.22 | 6.68 | 12.28 | 14.23 | 10.03 | 5.96 | 9.47 | 9.59 | 7.31 | 12.78 | 4.64 | |||
| Intensive care unit (%) | 10.9 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 0.3 | 17.5 | 3.6 | 14.3 | 11.9 | 8.9 | 4.3 | 8.2 | 29.0 | 22.9 | 2.6 | 4.1 | |||
| Geriatric care unit (%) | 0.7 | 17.4 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 4.6 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 4.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 7.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 1.4 | |||
| Inpatient geriatric liaison (%) | 6.8 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 17.4 | 1.5 | 4.9 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Outcome complications | Pressure ulcer (III or IV) (%) | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Iatrogenic pneumothorax (%) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Catheter infection (%) | 2.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |||
| Perioperative haemorrhage or haematoma (%) | 4.9 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 12.6 | 5.5 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 3.4 | 2.2 | |||
| Postoperative physiologic and metabolic derangement (%) | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | |||
| Postoperative respiratory failure (%) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Perioperative pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis (%) | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Sepsis (%) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Transfusion reaction (%) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Complications (%) | 18.4 | 26.1 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 29.2 | 18.8 | 20.9 | 30.4 | 34.4 | 41.5 | 8.9 | 14.5 | 28.2 | 43.0 | 39.6 | 18.5 | 19.2 | |||
| Postoperative evolution | Case mix index * | M | 2.04 | 1.08 | 1.69 | 1.69 | 2.04 | 1.79 | 1.64 | 1.82 | 1.85 | 1.81 | 1.87 | 1.81 | 1.90 | 1.75 | 2.25 | 1.83 | 2.02 | 0.0000 |
| SD | 0.91 | 0.69 | 0.49 | 0.80 | 1.08 | 0.73 | 1.17 | 1.18 | 0.87 | 0.76 | 1.04 | 0.51 | 1.13 | 0.66 | 1.66 | 0.63 | 0.82 | |||
| Mortality (%) | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.33 | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.00 | |||
| Readmission < 30 days (%) | 9.6 | 26.1 | 13.7 | 15.5 | 17.4 | 16.1 | 23.8 | 11.6 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 17.8 | 20.3 | 14.1 | 18.0 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 9.6 | |||
| DALY-Cost | total DALY (YLL + YLD) * | 34.44 | 5.78 | 0.28 | 8.11 | 53.00 | 8.31 | 62.81 | 39.68 | 24.24 | 100.71 | 56.35 | 0.37 | 47.89 | 43.29 | 51.26 | 22.49 | 0.20 | 0.0000 | |
| DALY (YLL + YLD) | 0.118 | 0.251 | 0.003 | 0.114 | 0.272 | 0.025 | 0.305 | 0.288 | 0.094 | 0.853 | 0.558 | 0.003 | 0.563 | 0.433 | 1.068 | 0.149 | 0.003 | |||
| 1.364 | 0.811 | 0.006 | 0.942 | 2.062 | 0.271 | 2.312 | 1.700 | 1.042 | 3.934 | 2.714 | 0.005 | 2.279 | 2.557 | 3.599 | 0.957 | 0.005 | ||||
| Average cost (excl revalidation) (€) * | 8,513 | 6,699 | 5,605 | 7,623 | 8,194 | 7,053 | 8,411 | 5,201 | 7,703 | 7,271 | 8,120 | 5,826 | 6,841 | 7,423 | 10,289 | 6,645 | 5,270 | 0.0000 | ||
| 6,048 | 7,174 | 3,308 | 13,364 | 11,284 | 7,015 | 11,002 | 6,507 | 12,707 | 7,580 | 7,357 | 3,605 | 7,887 | 6,493 | 10,177 | 7,184 | 3,341 | ||||
| Average cost with readmissions (revalidation excl) (€) * | 18,065 | 17,164 | 22,053 | 22,782 | 19,270 | 19,422 | 17,357 | 11,228 | 15,035 | 13,832 | 27,803 | 10,603 | 13,668 | 18,020 | 13,844 | 10,934 | 12,583 | 0.0000 | ||
| 11,839 | 7,128 | 29,743 | 33,515 | 26,978 | 14,292 | 16,255 | 5,763 | 12,470 | 8,369 | 28,358 | 5,295 | 17,167 | 17,282 | 8,422 | 5,050 | 6,874 |
DALYs Disability-Adjusted Life Years, YLLs Years of Life Lost, YLDs Years of Life lost due to Disability, M Mean, SD Standard Deviation
* Kruskal‒Wallis p < 0.05 realized only for case mix index, total DALYs, average cost and average cost with readmission