Table 3.
Association between dietary antioxidants intake and childhood eczema in age subgroups
| Variables | 1–5 years old (n = 312) |
6–11 years old (n = 738) |
12–17 years old (n = 1254) |
P for interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Original data | |||||||
| Vitamin E (mg) | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 0.753 | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 0.337 | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 0.154 | 0.979 |
| β-carotene (mcg) | 1.01 (1.01–1.01) | 0.003 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.447 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.767 | 0.150 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.704 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.201 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.702 | 0.633 |
| Zinc (mg) | 0.87 (0.76–0.98) | 0.027 | 0.94 (0.88–1.01) | 0.091 | 0.97 (0.93–1.02) | 0.216 | 0.148 |
| Selenium (mcg) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.792 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.615 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.578 | 0.527 |
| Retinol (mcg) | 1.01 (1.01–1.01) | 0.049 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.285 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.251 | 0.412 |
| Normalized data | |||||||
| Vitamin E (mg) | 0.88 (0.41–1.92) | 0.753 | 0.76 (0.44–1.32) | 0.337 | 0.77 (0.54–1.10) | 0.154 | |
| β-carotene (mcg) | 2.12 (1.30–3.47) | 0.003 | 1.09 (0.87–1.36) | 0.447 | 1.03 (0.85–1.24) | 0.767 | |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 0.89 (0.50–1.59) | 0.704 | 0.80 (0.58–1.12) | 0.201 | 0.96 (0.77–1.19) | 0.702 | |
| Zinc (mg) | 0.38 (0.16–0.90) | 0.027 | 0.66 (0.41–1.07) | 0.091 | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | 0.216 | |
| Selenium (mcg) | 0.89 (0.39–2.05) | 0.792 | 0.89 (0.56–1.41) | 0.615 | 1.09 (0.80–1.48) | 0.578 | |
| Retinol (mcg) | 1.79 (1.01–3.21) | 0.049 | 0.84 (0.60–1.16) | 0.285 | 1.14 (0.91–1.43) | 0.251 | |
| Vitamin E | |||||||
| < 3.82 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [3.82, 6.28) | 0.45 (0.15–1.34) | 0.151 | 0.91 (0.47–1.73) | 0.766 | 1.04 (0.61–1.79) | 0.876 | |
| ≥ 6.28 | 0.52 (0.10–2.67) | 0.431 | 1.73 (0.76–3.94) | 0.192 | 0.86 (0.45–1.67) | 0.664 | |
| P for trend | 0.442 | 0.254 | 0.818 | ||||
| β-carotene | |||||||
| < 230 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [230, 613) | 1.20 (0.48–2.98) | 0.697 | 0.56 (0.30–1.06) | 0.073 | 0.81 (0.48–1.36) | 0.422 | |
| ≥ 613 | 1.56 (0.62–3.93) | 0.342 | 0.56 (0.29–1.10) | 0.091 | 0.98 (0.57–1.70) | 0.956 | |
| P for trend | 0.224 | 0.101 | 0.864 | ||||
| Vitamin C | |||||||
| < 35.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [35.5, 96.1) | 0.99 (0.37–2.68) | 0.990 | 1.04 (0.58–1.87) | 0.892 | 1.32 (0.81–2.17) | 0.266 | |
| ≥ 96.1 | 1.49 (0.53–4.21) | 0.455 | 0.90 (0.46–1.77) | 0.756 | 0.89 (0.51–1.55) | 0.674 | |
| P for trend | 0.416 | 0.825 | 0.701 | ||||
| Zinc | |||||||
| < 7.47 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [7.47, 11.83) | 0.31 (0.11–0.86) | 0.024 | 0.45 (0.25–0.83) | 0.011 | 1.34 (0.77–2.32) | 0.305 | |
| ≥ 11.83 | 0.15 (0.04–0.68) | 0.013 | 0.34 (0.16–0.74) | 0.007 | 0.64 (0.31–1.31) | 0.226 | |
| P for trend | 0.004 | 0.012 | 0.228 | ||||
| Selenium | |||||||
| < 68.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [68.8, 104.4) | 0.76 (0.29–2.02) | 0.588 | 0.93 (0.51–1.67) | 0.803 | 0.91 (0.52–1.60) | 0.751 | |
| ≥ 104.4 | 1.30 (0.31–5.45) | 0.722 | 0.67 (0.30–1.48) | 0.325 | 1.38 (0.71–2.67) | 0.345 | |
| P for trend | 0.868 | 0.200 | 0.283 | ||||
| Retinol | |||||||
| < 253 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| [253, 500) | 0.84 (0.32–2.18) | 0.714 | 0.82 (0.44–1.55) | 0.547 | 1.18 (0.72–1.95) | 0.511 | |
| ≥ 500 | 1.91 (0.66–5.52) | 0.234 | 1.31 (0.68–2.55) | 0.422 | 1.36 (0.77–2.39) | 0.293 | |
| P for trend | 0.294 | 0.406 | 0.318 | ||||
OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, Ref Reference, Vitamin E adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, β-carotene, vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and retinol, β-carotene adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, vitamin E, vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and retinol, Vitamin C Adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, vitamin E, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, and retinol, Zinc Adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, vitamin E, β-carotene, vitamin C, selenium, and retinol, Selenium Adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, vitamin E, β-carotene, vitamin C, zinc, and retinol, Retinol Adjusted for gender, race, family educational background, PIR, insurance, asthma, hay fever, food allergy, BMI, energy intake, PUFA intake, IgE, vitamin E, β-carotene, vitamin C, zinc and selenium