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. 2024 Jan 4;14:1224440. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1224440

TABLE 2.

HRV, BPV and cardiac coherence indices calculated in CVRanalysis program.

RR series SBP, MBP, DBP
Index Unit Index Unit
Time domain Eckberg (1983), Fouad et al. (1984), Cook et al. (1991), Kleiger et al. (1995), Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (1996), Rajendra Acharya et al. (2006)
Mean RR ms Mean BP mmHg
Mean HR bpm
NN20 n
pNN20 %
NN30 n
pNN30 %
NN50 n
pNN50 %
SDNN ms SD mmHg
rMSSD ms rMSSD mmHg
Geometrical Malik et al. (1989), Malik (1995), Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, (1996)
Triangular Index Triangular Index
TINN ms TINN mmHg
X ms X mmHg
Y n Y mmHg
M ms M mmHg
N ms N mmHg
Frequency domain Akselrod et al. (1981), Pagani et al. (1984), Akselrod et al. (1985), Pomeranz et al. (1985), Pagani et al. (1986), Saul et al. (1990), Bigger et al. (1992), Triedman and Saul, (1994), Malliani et al. (1995), Keselbrener et al. (1996), Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, (1996), Eckberg (1997), Cooley et al. (1998), Pichot et al. (1999), Wiklund et al. (2002), Belova et al. (2007), Billman (2013), Billman et al. (2015)
Ptot* ms2 Ptot* mmHg2
VLF* ms2 VLF* mmHg2
LF* ms2 LF* mmHg2
HF* ms2 HF* mmHg2
LF/HF* LF/HF*
LFnu* % LFnu* %
HFnu* % HFnu* %
Empirical mode decomposition Balocchi et al. (2004)
pLF1 ms2 pLF1 mmHg2
pLF2 ms2 pLF2 mmHg2
pHF1 ms2 pHF1 mmHg2
pHF2 ms2 pHF2 mmHg2
IMAI1 IMAI1
IMAI2 IMAI2
Poincaré plot Kamen et al. (1996), Balocchi et al. (2006)
Centroïd ms Centroïd mmHg
SD1 ms SD1 mmHg
SD2 ms SD2 mmHg
SD1/SD2 SD1/SD2
SD1nu % SD1nu %
SD2nu % SD2nu %
Fractal Katz (1988), Peng et al. (1995), Huikuri et al. (2000), Rajendra Acharya et al. (2006), Maestri et al. (2007b)
α1DFA α1DFA
α2DFA α2DFA
HDFA HDFA
HHiguchi HHiguchi
HKatz HKatz
Hurst Hurst
Moments Yilmaz and Yildiz, (2010), Wolf et al. (1985)
Skewness Skewness
Kurtosis Kurtosis
Largest Lyapunov exponent Largest Lyapunov exponent
Entropy Pincus (1991), Porta et al. (1998), Richman and Moorman, (2000), Porta et al. (2001), Ferrario et al. (2004), Maestri et al. (2007a), Porta et al. (2007)
Approximate entropy (AppEn) Approximate entropy
Sample entropy (SampEn) Sample entropy
Shanon Entropy (SE) Shanon Entropy (SE)
Conditional Entropy (CE) Conditional Entropy (CE)
Corrected CE (CCE) Corrected CE (CCE)
Normalized CCE (NCCE) Normalized CCE (NCCE)
ρ ρ
Lempel-Ziv complexity Lempel-Ziv complexity
Symbolic dynamic Porta et al. (2001), Guzzetti et al. (2005), Porta et al. (2007), Dantas et al. (2015)
0V 0V
0V% % 0V% %
1V 1V
1V% % 1V% %
2LV 2LV
2LV% % 2LV% %
2UV 2UV
2UV% % 2UV% %
MP MP
MP% % MP% %
Cardiac coherence McCraty 2009, Russo et al. (2017)
HR coherence ratio
F(peak) Hz
F(peak) cycle/min
F(peak) s

*Indices also calculated in the time-frequency domain (wavelet analysis).