Table 1.
Population characteristics of the 393 mother-newborn pairs, including prenatal, immediate perinatal and newborn factors.
| Population characteristics | Cohort size n = 393 |
|---|---|
| Prenatal factors | |
| Maternal age (years) mean (SD) | 30.8 (5.5) |
| Maternal weight at the start of pregnancy (kg) mean (SD)a | 69 (15) |
| Maternal weight at the end of pregnancy (kg) mean (SD)b | 83 (16) |
| Maternal asthma n (%) | 31 (7.6) |
| Maternal allergy n (%) | 122 (31.0) |
| Gestational diabetes n (%)c | 102 (26.0) |
| Smoking during pregnancy n (%) | 38 (9.7) |
| Streptococcus agalactiae-positived | 77 (19.6) |
| Antibiotics during pregnancy n (%) | 98 (24.9) |
| Mean h/week (SD) spent in a foreste | 3.1 (4.2) |
| Number of siblings, mean (SD) | 1.6 (2.4) |
| Fish consumption/week, mean (SD)f | 1.0 (0.7) |
| Meat consumption/week, mean (SD)g | 5.3 (2.5) |
| Immediate perinatal factors | |
| Delivery mode, vaginal delivery n (%) | 186 (47.3) |
| Antibiotics during delivery n (%) | 246 (62.6) |
| Newborn factors | |
| Sex (girl) (%) | 188 (47.8) |
| Gestational age (weeks) mean (SD) | 39.2 (1.6) |
| Birth weight (grams) mean (SD) | 3500 (570) |
| Birth length (cm) mean (SD)h | 50 (2.2) |
| Head circumference (cm) mean (SD)i | 35 (1.7) |
| Apgar 1 min mean (SD) | 8.7 (0.9) |
| Apgar 5 min mean (SD) | 9.1 (0.7) |
| Apgar 15 min mean (SD) | 9.3 (0.6) |
| Postnatal antibiotics n (%)j | 17 (4.3) |
| Meconium sampling time h (SD)k | 9.3 (8.0) |
aWeight at the start of pregnancy not available for 12 mothers.
bWeight at the end of pregnancy not available for 8 mothers.
cDefined by abnormal oral glucose tolerance values.
dStreptococcus agalactiae screening result not reported for 86 mothers.
eWeekly time spent in a forest not available for 30 mothers.
fFish consumption not available for 17 mothers.
gMeat consumption not available for 15 mothers.
hBirth length not available for 8 newborns.
iHead circumference not available for 9 newborns.
j8 children received a combination of benzyl penicillin and tobramycin, 8 received benzyl penicillin alone and 1 received a combination of cefuroxime and tobramycin.
kSampling time not available for 76 meconium samples.