When comparing OCP users to non-users, OCP use has no significant effect on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power or strength adaptations in response to resistance exercise training.

Based on the present analysis, there is no evidence-based rationale to advocate for or against the use of OCPs in females partaking in resistance exercise training to increase hypertrophy, power and/or strength.

To date, studies investigating the influence of HCs on adaptations to resistance exercise training have exclusively investigated OCPs, and future research should also examine the potential influence of different HC types.