Fig. 5.

OXPHOS immunoblotting, long-range PCR, mtDNA copy number analysis and proteomic analysis of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS subunits. a Respiratory chain subcomplexes western blot total of cell lysate of skeletal muscle biopsy samples derived from control and DM2 patients. OXPHOS complexes are not differentially affected in controls and patients. b Long-range PCR of the major arc (10kB) of the human mitochondrial genome. No mtDNA subfragments (additional bands) indicative of mtDNA deletions were detected in patients and controls. c PCR-based mtDNA copy number analysis in DM2 and control samples showing a reduced copy number in the patient group. The averages of both groups are represented as horizontal lines, and graphs show mean ± SD and interquartile range. d Boxplots of mitochondrial-encoded proteins mt-CO1, mt-ND-5, mt-ND, and MT-CYB showing a significant downregulation on the proteomic level in DM2 patients vs NDC (graphs show mean ± SD and interquartile range)