Table 1. Characteristics of Patients Screened in Primary Care Settings.
| Patient characteristic | Study population by No. of ED visitsa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 26 771) | None (n = 15 851) | 1-3 (n = 6617) | HFU (n = 4303) | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 14 (6-39) | 14 (6-39) | 15 (5-40) | 18 (4-39) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 15 284 (57) | 8883 (56) | 3809 (58) | 2592 (60) |
| Male | 11 487 (43) | 6968 (44) | 2808 (42) | 1711 (40) |
| Race and ethnicityb | ||||
| Hispanic | 8929 (33) | 4854 (31) | 2424 (37) | 1651 (38) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2392 (9) | 1330 (8) | 624 (9) | 438 (10) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 10 019 (37) | 6036 (38) | 2424 (37) | 1559 (36) |
| Otherc | 971 (4) | 713 (4) | 171 (3) | 87 (2) |
| Unavailable | 1203 (4) | 733 (5) | 291 (4) | 179 (4) |
| Missing | 3257 (12) | 2185 (14) | 683 (10) | 389 (9) |
| Primary language | ||||
| English | 21 376 (80) | 12 694 (80) | 5249 (79) | 3433 (80) |
| Spanish | 3794 (14) | 2113 (13) | 1028 (16) | 653 (15) |
| Other | 1122 (4) | 728 (5) | 248 (4) | 146 (3) |
| Missing | 479 (2) | 316 (2) | 92 (1) | 71 (2) |
| Practice type | ||||
| Adult | 7836 (29) | 4343 (27) | 1987 (30) | 1506 (35) |
| Pediatric | 13 025 (49) | 8045 (51) | 3133 (47) | 1857 (43) |
| Family | 2695 (10) | 1589 (10) | 675 (10) | 431 (10) |
| Internal medicine–pediatrics | 2068 (8) | 1254 (8) | 515 (8) | 299 (7) |
| Missing | 1137 (4) | 620 (4) | 307 (5) | 210 (5) |
| Screening result | ||||
| Any social risk | 12 656 (47) | 7028 (44) | 3261 (49) | 2367 (55) |
| Any social need | 5406 (20) | 2837 (18) | 1442 (22) | 1127 (26) |
| Any social risk and need | 13 572 (51) | 7571 (48) | 3503 (53) | 2498 (58) |
| High social risk (≥3) | 2808 (10) | 1404 (9) | 760 (11) | 644 (15) |
| High social need (≥3) | 1207 (5) | 589 (4) | 331 (5) | 287 (7) |
| High social risk and need (both ≥3) | 685 (3) | 320 (2) | 191 (3) | 174 (4) |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; HFU, high-frequency ED use (≥4 times/y).
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as number (percentage) of patients. Percentages have been rounded and may not total 100.
b
Race and ethnicity were included in the analysis because they have been shown to correlate with ED use.
c
Includes American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and multiracial.