Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 136 COVID-19-confirmed patients without and with intestinal parasite infections, in Northwest Ethiopia.
| Patients characteristics | Total patients (n = 136) |
Without intestinal parasite infection (n = 114) |
With intestinal parasite infection (n = 22) |
x
2
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | ||||
| <20 | 2 (1.47%) | 2 (1.80%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.008 |
| 20-39 | 36 (26.5%) | 33 (28.9%) | 3 (16.6%) | |
| 40-59 | 67 (49.3%) | 49 (43.0%) | 18 (81.8%) | |
| 60-79 | 31 (22.8%) | 30 (26.3%) | 1 (4.5%) | |
|
| ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 51 (37.5%) | 44 (38.6%) | 7 (31.8%) | 0.635 |
| Male | 85 (62.5%) | 70 (61.4%) | 15 (68.2%) | |
|
| ||||
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 111 (81.6%) | 96 (84.2%) | 15 (68.1%) | 0.021 |
| Rural | 25 (18.4%) | 18 (15.8%) | 7 (31.8%) | |
|
| ||||
| Occupations | ||||
| Employed | 39 (28.7%) | 33 (28.9%) | 6 (27.3%) | 0.621 |
| Unemployed | 57 (41.9%) | 45 (39.5%) | 12 (54.5%) | |
| Student | 26 (19.1%) | 23 (20.2%) | 3 (13.6%) | |
| Health professionals | 14 (10.3%) | 13 (11.4%) | 1 (4.5%) | |
|
| ||||
| History of smoking | 20 (14.7%) | 15 (13.1%) | 5 (22.7%) | 0.320 |
| Nonsmokers | 116 (85.3%) | 101 (86.9%) | 17 (77.3%) | |
|
| ||||
| Alcohol drinking | 132 (97.0%) | 110 (96.5%) | 22 (100%) | 0.912 |
| Nondrinker | 4 (3.0%) | 4 (3.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
|
| ||||
| Traditional medicine use | 38 (27.9%) | 32 (28.1%) | 6 (27.3%) | 0.939 |
|
| ||||
| Comorbidity | ||||
| At least 1 comorbidity | 76 (55.9%) | 58 (50.9%) | 18 (81.8%) | 0.009 |
| Hypertension | 28 (20.6%) | 28 (24.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.007 |
| Diabetes | 17 (12.5%) | 17 (14.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.074 |
| HIV | 4 (2.9%) | 4 (3.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.489 |
| Malignant tumor | 2 (1.5%) | 2 (1.8%) | 0 (0.05) | 0.702 |
| Asthma | 11 (8.1%) | 8 (7.0%) | 3 (13.6%) | 0.385 |
| COPD | 15 (11.0%) | 13 (11.4%) | 2 (9.1%) | 0.549 |
| CKD | 4 (2.9%) | 4 (3.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.489 |
| CLD | 8 (5.9%) | 8 (7.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.354 |
| CHF | 42 (30.9%) | 40 (35.1%) | 2 (9.1%) | 0.021 |
|
| ||||
| Clinical outcome | ||||
| Death | 39 (28.7%) | 34 (29.8%) | 5 (22.7%) | 0.612 |
| Recovered | 97 (71.3%) | 80 (70.2%) | 17 (77.3%) | |
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CLD: chronic liver disease; CHF: cardiac heart failure. The calculated P values are from the chi-square test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables as appropriate.