Table 2.

Estimation of the impact of the policy on early neonatal and neonatal mortality

	Early neonatal death				Neonatal death
	OLS (Model 1)	OLS (Model 2)	FE (with firstborn)	FE (without firstborn)	OLS (Model 1)	OLS (Model 2)	FE (with firstborn)	FE (without firstborn)
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
	n = 16.056	n = 6.653	n = 5.052	n = 1.467	n = 16.056	n = 6.653	n = 5.052	n = 1.467
Born after policy	− 0.002	− 0.002	− 0.165**	− 0.206**	0.001	0.002	− 0.193***	− 0.200**
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.068)	(0.081)	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.073)	(0.082)
_cons	0.008	0.008	0.181**	0.246***	0.007	0.008	0.199**	0.227**
	(0.007)	(0.008)	(0.072)	(0.091)	(0.009)	(0.011)	(0.078)	(0.097)

***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1; Clustered robust standard errors in parentheses

OLS ordinary least squares; FE fixed effects

Model 1: Using the five-year sample (complete data set)

Model 2: Using the one year before and one year after the policy sample

FE (with firstborn): is the fixed effects when firstborns are included in the sample; while FE (without firstborn): is fixed effects when the sample is restricted only to women who have second or higher-order birth before the policy

Controls: (Year of birth, age of the mother at the birth of the baby, Preceding birth intervals of less than 2 years, Grand multipara, Multiple pregnancy, male baby, age of the mother at the first birth, ethnicity, and religion) were used as controls for the models. A complete set of estimates is available upon request