Fig. 4.

Estimated CAM species diversity in vascular plants by family. The proportional (A) and absolute (B) species diversity capable of CAM is shown in each family with known CAM lineages. Orange, green and blue bars and pie charts show lower bounds, expected and upper bounds of CAM species diversity, respectively, as defined in the main text. CAM species diversity was calculated using the list of CAM genera and assumptions about the phylogenetic placement of CAM origins (Table 1), extent of CAM surveys, and links between CAM and other plant traits. Numbers of species in each genus were taken from POWO (2023), which lists 349 036 accepted names for non-hybrid vascular plant species.