Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of UK Biobank participants included in the study
| Participants characteristics | Overall | Healthy control | 10-year incident CVD |
| (n=473 611) | (n=442 145) | (n=31 466) | |
| Age, year | 57.0 (50–63) | 57.0 (49.0–63.0) | 62.0 (57.0–66) |
| Sex (female) | 264 308 (55.8%) | 252 586 (57.1%) | 11 722 (37.3%) |
| Ethnicity (white) | 445 075 (94.0%) | 415 611 (94.0%) | 29 464 (93.6%) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 134(123–147) | 134.0 (122–147) | 141 (129–155) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.7 (4.99–6.46) | 5.71 (5.00–6.46) | 5.63 (4.80–6.48) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.41 (1.18–1.68) | 1.42 (1.19–1.69) | 1.28 (1.09–1.54) |
| Cholesterol ratio (total/HDL) | 3.97 (3.37–4.73) | 3.95 (3.35–4.70) | 4.3 (3.59–5.09) |
| Cystatin C (mg/L) | 0.88 (0.80–0.98) | 0.88 (0.8–0.97) | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) |
| Chest pain | 24 126 (5.1%) | 20 107 (4.5%) | 4019 (10.4%) |
| Current smoker | 49 135 (10.4%) | 44 372 (10.0%) | 4763 (15.1%) |
| Pack years of smoking | 18.4 (9.50–31.0) | 17.8 (9.0–30.0) | 25.0 (13.8–39.5) |
| Cholesterol and blood pressure medication | |||
| Either | 76 018 (16.1%) | 67 842 (15.3%) | 8176 (26.0%) |
| Both | 37 376 (7.9%) | 31 462 (7.1%) | 5914 (18.8%) |
| Number of medications | 2 (0–3) | 2.0 (0.0–3.0) | 3.0 (1.0–5.0) |
| Angina or heart attack | 7482 (1.6%) | 4890 (1.1%) | 2592 (8.2%) |
| Diabetes | 21 601 (4.6%) | 18 078 (4.1%) | 3523 (11.2%) |
| Hypertension | 38 988 (8.2 %) | 33 279 (7.5%) | 5709 (18.1%) |
Data is presented as median (IQR) for continuous variables and number (%) for discrete variables. Statistics of 10-year incident myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke are shown in online supplemental eTable 3. HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
CVD, cardiovascular diseases.