Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with MAFLD-HCC
| Baseline Characteristic | Training Cohort (N=112) | Internal Validation Cohort (N=37) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61.88±10.30 | 62.59±9.89 | 0.710 |
| Gender | 0.876 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 68 (60.7) | 23 (62.2) | |
| Female, n (%) | 44 (39.3) | 14 (37.8) | |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 13 (11.6) | 2 (5.4) | 0.277 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 12 (10.7) | 4 (10.8) | 0.987 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 89 (79.5) | 29 (78.4) | 0.889 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 24 (21.4) | 10 (27.0) | 0.482 |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 78 (69.6) | 30 (81.1) | 0.177 |
| Ascites, n (%) | 54 (48.2) | 24 (64.9) | 0.079 |
| Macrovascular invasion*, n (%) | 23 (20.5) | 9 (24.3) | 0.627 |
| Extrahepatic metastases*, n (%) | 27 (24.1) | 8 (21.6) | 0.757 |
| AFP, ng/mL (%) | 0.382 | ||
| ≤20 | 69 (61.6) | 18 (48.6) | |
| 20–400 | 7 (6.3) | 3 (8.1) | |
| ≥400 | 36 (32.1) | 16 (43.2) | |
| BCLC staging system, n (%) | |||
| A | 20 (17.9) | 5 (13.5) | |
| B | 27 (24.1) | 12 (32.4) | |
| C | 51 (45.5) | 17 (45.9) | |
| D | 14 (12.5) | 3 (8.1) | |
| ALBI grade, n (%) | |||
| 1 | 21 (18.8) | 9 (24.3) | |
| 2 | 73 (65.2) | 14 (37.8) | |
| 3 | 18 (16.1) | 14 (37.8) | |
| ALBI grade | −1.99±0.74 | −1.87±0.94 | 0.457 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.19±3.97 | 23.92±4.21 | 0.720 |
| ALT (U/L) | 66.09±71.87 | 61.15±71.41 | 0.717 |
| AST (U/L) | 106.24±137.43 | 102.78±106.33 | 0.889 |
| ALB (g/L) | 36.07±6.54 | 35.10±8.83 | 0.479 |
| TB (umol/L) | 84.69±118.89 | 89.74±105.73 | 0.818 |
| DB (umol/L) | 60.03±91.84 | 65.06±83.87 | 0.768 |
| LDH (U/L) | 387.43±327.96 | 373.30±333.19 | 0.821 |
| γ-GT (U/L) | 198.50±168.66 | 256.52±279.35 | 0.131 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 27.81±22.82 | 28.30±17.98 | 0.906 |
| UREA (mmol/L) | 8.33±6.20 | 9.01±5.53 | 0.555 |
| CRE (umol/L) | 86.20±48.46 | 87.51±51.30 | 0.889 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.37±0.75 | 1.38±0.76 | 0.932 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.78±0.36 | 0.69±0.40 | 0.172 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.07±1.23 | 3.06±1.73 | 0.971 |
| WBC (109/L) | 8.07±6.04 | 7.78±5.03 | 0.795 |
| RBC (1012/L) | 3.67±0.64 | 3.60±0.60 | 0.546 |
| HGB (g/L) | 113.31±22.86 | 114.7±19.94 | 0.742 |
| PLT (109/L) | 174.49±109.96 | 159.74±93.30 | 0.465 |
| Monocyte Count (109/L) | 0.44±0.26 | 0.39±0.25 | 0.382 |
| Neutrophil Count (109/L) | 5.64±4.37 | 5.64±5.00 | 0.996 |
| Lymphocyte Count (109/L) | 1.33±1.00 | 1.23±0.79 | 0.558 |
| NLR | 5.60±4.14 | 5.70±4.71 | 0.900 |
| MHR | 1.30±2.03 | 1.89±2.89 | 0.176 |
| NγLR | 1327.65±1931.06 | 1388.63±1703.99 | 0.864 |
| OS (months) | 17.61±10.75 | 18.76±17.61 | 0.635 |
Notes: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * Images were obtained from contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography or contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha fetoprotein; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TP, total protein; ALB, albumin; TB, total bilirubin; DB, direct bilirubin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; γ-GT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; CRP, C-reactive protein; CRE, creatinine; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; MHR, monocyte -to-HDL ratio; NγLR, neutrophil times g-glutamyl transpeptidase to lymphocyte ratio; OS, Overall Survival.