Table 3.

Univariate logistics regression analysis of the association between copper intake and PD before and after matching

Characters	Unmatching		Matching
	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Gender
Male	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Female	1.567 (1.049, 2.342)	0.029	1.353 (0.852, 2.150)	0.197
Age	1.024 (1.009, 1.040)	0.003	0.992 (0.976, 1.009)	0.350
Race
Non-Hispanic White	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Non-Hispanic Black	0.745 (0.420, 1.323)	0.312	1.673 (0.934, 2.997)	0.083
Mexican American	0.470 (0.270, 0.817)	0.008	1.282 (0.651, 2.525)	0.468
Other race	0.486 (0.271, 0.870)	0.016	1.219 (0.555, 2.678)	0.617
Marital
Married	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Unmarried	1.594 (0.977, 2.603)	0.062	1.589 (0.903, 2.797)	0.107
Education
Lower high school	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
High school	0.710 (0.381, 1.322)	0.277	1.059 (0.511, 2.193)	0.876
Over high school	0.568 (0.321, 1.004)	0.052	0.757 (0.397, 1.441)	0.392
BMI	1.022 (1.001, 1.044)	0.043	1.004 (0.979, 1.030)	0.760
Copper	0.574 (0.404, 0.816)	0.002	0.498 (0.337, 0.735)	<0.001
Coronary heart disease
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	2.141 (1.027, 4.464)	0.042	0.906 (0.416, 1.976)	0.802
DM
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Pre-diabetes	1.308 (0.675, 2.536)	0.422	1.392 (0.566, 3.424)	0.468
Diabetes	1.371 (0.958, 1.961)	0.084	0.984 (0.643, 1.507)	0.942
Hypertension
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.809 (1.202, 2.722)	0.005	1.069 (0.660, 1.732)	0.783
Stroke
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	4.119 (2.351, 7.214)	<0.0001	1.639 (0.849, 3.163)	0.139
Viral hepatitis
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.346 (0.590, 3.068)	0.476	1.117 (0.328, 3.805)	0.858

*p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

The use of bold font indicates that the corresponding p-values are less than 0.05, signifying statistical significance