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. 2023 Dec 6;130(2):297–307. doi: 10.1038/s41416-023-02507-4

Table 2.

Number of symptoms per cancer site that occurred in more than 1% and 50% of cases.

Cancer Site N % with at least one recorded symptom (95% CI) Number of symptoms with frequency > 1% by cancer site cohort Number of symptoms with frequency > 50% by cancer site cohort
Head and neck
  Larynx 368 91.8 (88.6, 94.2) 13 1 (hoarseness)
  Oral cavity 585 70.6 (66.8, 74.1) 12 0
  Oropharynx 653 92.2 (89.9, 94.0) 12 0
  Thyroid 633 73.6 (70.0, 76.9) 11 0
  Other head and neck 481 88.6 (85.4, 91.1) 15 0
Upper gastrointestinal
  Oesophagus 1391 89.8 (88.1, 91.3) 21 0
  Stomach 1029 84.6 (82.3, 86.7) 23 0
Lower gastrointestinal
  Anal 265 91.3 (87.3, 94.1) 16 1 (rectal bleeding)
  Colon 4209 80.0 (78.7, 81.2) 17 0
  Rectum 1641 88.8 (87.2, 90.3) 15 1 (rectal bleeding)
  Small intestine 256 77.7 (72.2, 82.4) 21 0
Hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB)
  Liver 929 64.4 (61.2, 67.4) 21 0
  Pancreas 1725 84.8 (83.0, 86.4) 23 0
  Other HPB 425 81.9 (77.9, 85.3) 20 0
Respiratory
  Lung 7608 76.4 (75.4, 77.3) 17 0
  Mesothelioma 464 87.5 (84.2, 90.2) 15 0
Urological
  Bladder 1518 84.7 (82.8, 86.4) 11 1 (haematuria)
  Kidney 1695 63.9 (61.6, 66.1) 26 0
  Ureteric and other urinary 275 80.0 (74.9, 84.3) 19 0
Haematological
  Acute leukaemia 471 72.0 (67.8, 75.8) 27 0
  Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 529 47.6 (43.4, 51.9) 16 0
  Hodgkin lymphoma 243 86.0 (81.1, 89.8) 23 0
  Multiple myeloma 904 66.6 (63.5, 69.6) 19 0
  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 2055 78.1 (76.3, 79.8) 30 0
  Other haematological 588 61.2 (57.2, 65.1) 26 0
Central nervous system (CNS)
  CNS 777 78.6 (75.6, 81.4) 9 0
Sarcoma
  Bone sarcoma 63 79.4 (67.8, 87.5) 15 0
  Connective and soft tissue sarcoma 372 86.0 (82.1, 89.2) 26 0
Skin
  Melanoma 2790 91.8 (90.7, 92.8) 6 1 (abnormal mole)
Ocular
  Ocular 111 40.5 (31.9, 49.8) 2 0
Breast
  Breast 6166 91.8 (91.1, 92.5) 7 1 (breast lump/mass)
Gynaecological
  Cervix 252 86.9 (82.2, 90.5) 20 0
  Ovary 1174 86.7 (84.7, 88.5) 27 0
  Uterus 1572 93.2 (91.8, 94.3) 17 1 (post-menopausal bleeding)
  Vulva/Vagina 241 84.6 (79.6, 88.7) 14 0
Prostate and other male organs
  Penile 119 86.6 (79.3, 91.6) 11 0
  Prostate 8747 70.1 (69.2, 71.1) 13 0
  Testicular 403 90.8 (87.6, 93.3) 6 1 (testicular lump)
Other malignant neoplasms
  Other malignant neoplasms 190 69.5 (62.6, 75.6) 35 0
Unknown primary
  Unknown primary 1205 79.2 (76.8, 81.4) 28 0