Table 2.
Association between tertiles of systemic immune-inflammation index and death in patients with and without diabetes
| Clinical outcomes | Log-transformed SII | Tertiles of systemic immune-inflammation index | P for trend | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (N = 702) | Tertile 2 (N = 706) | Tertile 3 (N = 703) | |||
| < 613.57 | 613.57–1136.56 | ≥ 1136.56 | |||
| All-cause death | |||||
| Overall cohort (N = 2111) | |||||
| Event | – | 57 | 63 | 90 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 2.95 (2.28–3.83) | 3.35 (2.62–4.29) | 5.23 (4.25–6.43) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 2.83 (1.83–4.38)** | Ref. | 1.14 (0.80–1.63) | 1.75 (1.26–2.44)** | < 0.001 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 2.16 (1.46–3.20)** | Ref. | 1.18 (0.83–1.69) | 1.74 (1.25–2.43)* | < 0.001 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 1.57 (1.02–2.43)* | Ref. | 1.04 (0.72–1.50) | 1.54 (1.07–2.21)* | 0.016 |
| Diabetic cohort (N = 789) | |||||
| Event | – | 25 | 32 | 39 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 3.32 (2.24–4.91) | 4.75 (3.36–6.72) | 6.97 (5.09–9.54) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 4.47 (2.28–8.78)** | Ref. | 1.43 (0.85–2.41) | 2.05 (1.24–3.40)* | 0.005 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 3.86 (1.99–7.48)** | Ref. | 1.39 (0.82–2.35) | 2.08 (1.25–3.44)* | 0.004 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 2.90 (1.40–6.01)* | Ref. | 1.28 (0.74–2.21) | 2.00 (1.13–3.55)* | 0.020 |
| Nondiabetic cohort (N = 1322) | |||||
| Event | – | 32 | 31 | 51 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 2.72 (1.92–3.84) | 2.57 (1.81–3.66) | 4.39 (3.34–5.77) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 2.23 (1.24–4.01)* | Ref. | 0.95 (0.58–1.56) | 1.61 (1.03–2.51)* | 0.026 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 1.64 (0.98–2.74) | Ref. | 1.04 (0.97–1.70) | 1.57 (1.01–2.45)* | 0.038 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 0.97 (0.56–1.69) | Ref. | 0.91 (0.54–1.53) | 1.21 (0.75–1.97) | 0.386 |
| Cardiovascular death | |||||
| Overall cohort (N = 2111) | |||||
| Event | – | 38 | 41 | 75 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 1.97 (1.43–2.70) | 2.18 (1.61–2.96) | 4.36 (3.47–5.46) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 3.88 (2.35–6.39)** | Ref. | 1.10 (0.71–1.72) | 2.17 (1.46–3.20)** | < 0.001 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 2.90 (1.84–4.57)** | Ref. | 1.15 (0.74–1.79) | 2.16 (1.46–3.20)** | < 0.001 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 1.85 (1.12–3.05)* | Ref. | 1.01 (0.64–1.60) | 1.82 (1.19–2.79)* | 0.004 |
| Diabetic cohort (N = 789) | |||||
| Event | – | 19 | 20 | 33 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 2.52 (1.61–3.95) | 2.97 (1.92–4.60) | 5.90 (4.19–8.29) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 5.61 (2.58–12.17)** | Ref. | 1.16 (0.62–2.18) | 2.23 (1.27–3.93)* | 0.004 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 4.92 (2.30–10.51)** | Ref. | 1.15 (0.61–2.15) | 2.26 (1.28–3.99)* | 0.004 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 3.28 (1.43–7.57)* | Ref. | 1.09 (0.56–2.09) | 2.09 (1.10–3.98)* | 0.026 |
| Nondiabetic cohort (N = 1322) | |||||
| Event | – | 19 | 21 | 42 | – |
| Incidence rate (95%CI)a | – | 1.61 (1.03–2.53) | 1.74 (1.14–2.67) | 3.61 (2.67–4.89) | – |
| Unadjusted Model | 3.25 (1.65–6.41)** | Ref. | 1.08 (0.58–2.01) | 2.22 (1.29–3.81)* | 0.002 |
| Adjusted Model 1b | 2.24 (1.24–4.07)* | Ref. | 1.17 (0.63–2.19) | 2.17 (1.26–3.74)* | 0.003 |
| Adjusted Model 2c | 1.14 (0.60–2.16) | Ref. | 1.06 (0.55–2.02) | 1.60 (0.89–2.90) | 0.097 |
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.001
aIncidence rate was calculated using the total number of deaths during the observational period divided by person-years at risk
bModel 1 included age and sex
cModel 2 included age, sex, current smoker, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, CKD, HF, and MI), STEMI, Killip > I, primary PCI, peak TnT, CRP, serum creatinine, LVEF, as well as medications (aspirin, ACEI/ARB/ARNI, β-blocker)
CKD chronic kidney disease, CRP C-reactive protein, HF heart failure, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, SII systemic immune-inflammation index
The bold value represents the statistical significance of 'P for trend' (P for trend<0.05) in the fully-adjusted model