Table 2.
Detailed regional z-scores of TSPO-PET and Aβ-PET at the group level in six Braak-stage regions of interest and four amyloidosis regions of interest
| PET | AD | Controls | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSPO-PET z-scores | Female (mean, 95%-CI) | Male (mean, 95%-CI) | P ♂/♀ (FDR) | Female (mean, 95%-CI) | Male (mean, 95%-CI) | P ♂/♀ (FDR) |
| Braak I | 1.290 (0.846–1.733)# | 0.252 (− 0.293–0.797) | 0.051 | − 0.018 (− 0.883–0.847) | 0.143 (− 0.767–1.052) | > 0.999 |
| Braak II | 0.972 (0.589–1.354)# # | 0.205 (− 0.265–0.675) | 0.026* | − 0.265 (− 1.011–0.480) | 0.273 (− 0.511–1.057) | > 0.999 |
| Braak III | 1.726 (1.344–2.108)## | 1.175 (0.706–1.644)# | 0.086 | 0.294 (− 0.451–1.038) | − 0.231 (− 1.014–0.552) | > 0.999 |
| Braak IV | 0.924 (0.642–1.206) | 0.431 (0.085–0.778) | 0.048* | 0.115 (− 0.435–0.665) | − 0.149 (− 0.727–0.429) | > 0.999 |
| Braak V | 1.125 (0.689–1.561)# | 0.693 (0.157–1.229) | 0.223 | − 0.320 (− 1.170–0.531) | 0.132 (− 0.762–1.026) | > 0.999 |
| Braak VI | 0.643 (0.284–1.002) | − 0.171 (− 0.612–0.271) | 0.022* | − 0.015 (− 0.716–0.685) | 0.140 (− 0.596–0.876) | > 0.999 |
| Frontal cortex | 1.210 (0.903–1.517)## | 0.506 (0.129–0.883) | 0.030* | 0.015 (− 0.584–0.613) | 0.059 (− 0.570–0.689) | > 0.999 |
| Temporal cortex | 0.814 (0.527–1.101)# | 0.179 (− 0.173–0.532) | 0.020* | 0.081 (− 0.479–0.641) | − 0.091 (− 0.680–0.497) | > 0.999 |
| Parietal cortex | 0.918 (0.632–1.204)## | 0.433 (0.082–0.785) | 0.049* | − 0.029 (− 0.587–0.530) | 0.001 (− 0.586–0.587) | 0.943 |
| PCC/precuneus | 1.126 (0.768–1.485)## | 0.391 (− 0.049–0.831) | 0.026* | 0.010 (− 0.689–0.708) | 0.083 (− 0.651–0.818) | > 0.999 |
| Aβ-PET z-scores | Female (mean, 95%-CI) | Male (mean, 95%-CI) | P ♂/♀ (FDR) | Female (mean, 95%-CI) | Male (mean, 95%-CI) | P ♂/♀ (FDR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Braak I | 2.122 (1.528–2.717)# # | 1.976 (1.246–2.706)# | 0.950 | − 0.131 (− 1.290–1.028) | 0.247 (− 0.972–1.466) | > 0.999 |
| Braak II | 0.801 (0.366–1.235) | 0.542 (0.008–1.076) | > 0.999 | − 0.133 (− 0.980–0.714) | 0.127 (− 0.764–1.018) | > 0.999 |
| Braak III | 2.884 (2.288–3.481)# # # | 3.109 (2.376–3.841)# # # | 0.916 | − 0.110 (− 1.272–1.053) | 0.155 (− 1.068–1.378) | 0.946 |
| Braak IV | 5.581 (4.813–6.348)# # # | 5.984 (5.005–6.891)# # # | > 0.999 | − 0.098 (− 1.594–1.399) | 0.334 (− 1.239–1.907) | 0.992 |
| Braak V | 2.699 (2.111–3.288)# # # | 3.233 (2.510–3.956)# # # | > 0.999 | 0.102 (− 1.045–1.250) | 0.023 (− 1.183–1.230) | 0.925 |
| Braak VI | 3.911 (3.015–4.806)# # # | 4.623 (3.523–5.723)# # | > 0.999 | − 0.598 (− 2.344–1.148) | 0.787 (− 1.049–2.623) | > 0.999 |
| Frontal cortex | 6.121 (5.381–6.861)# # # | 5.972 (5.062–6.881)# # # | 0.892 | − 0.164 (− 1.607–1.279) | 0.336 (− 1.181–1.854) | > 0.999 |
| Temporal cortex | 5.139 (4.402–5.876)# # # | 5.458 (4.552–6.364)# # # | 0.987 | − 0.216 (− 1.654–1.221) | 0.329 (− 1.182–1.841) | > 0.999 |
| Parietal cortex | 5.669 (4.962–6.375)# # # | 5.717 (4.848–6.585)# # # | 0.933 | − 0.039 (− 1.417–1.339) | 0.178 (− 1.271–1.627) | 0.923 |
| PCC/precuneus | 8.302 (7.341–9.263)# # # | 8.789 (7.608–9.971)# # # | > 0.999 | − 0.239 (− 2.114–1.637) | 0.723 (− 1.248–2.694) | > 0.999 |
CI = 95% confidence interval. P values show false discovery rate (FDR) corrected significance levels for the comparison of females and males (ANOVA). * p < 0.05 for comparison of females and males with AD. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.005 for comparison of patients with AD vs. controls