Table 1.
Main characteristics of the studies included.
| Study | Year | Language | Country | Groups | Intervention details | No.of patients (male/female) |
Age range (mean) | n | Study design | Years of follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aziz1 | 2018 | English | Iraq | GKB | Ginkgo biloba extract +metformin | 5/22 | 48.7 ± 9.6 | 27 | RCT | December 2016 and October 2017 |
| Controls | placebo +metformin | 3/17 | 48.2 ± 10.3 | 20 | ||||||
| Aziz2 | 2018 | English | Iraq | GKB | Ginkgo biloba extract +metformin | 6/16 | 50.7 ± 7.8 | 22 | RCT | December 2016 and October 2017 |
| Controls | placebo+metformin | 2/16 | 47.3 ± 10.8 | 18 | ||||||
| Li | 2003 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract | 26/6 | 68.8 ± 8.56 | 32 | RCT | – |
| Controls | Buflomedil | 18/5 | 68.1 ± 8.53 | 23 | ||||||
| Li | 2007 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 19/15 | 66.9 ± 7.3 | 34 | RCT | June 2003 and June 2005 |
| Controls | metformin | 15/14 | 68.2 ± 7.7 | 29 | ||||||
| Liu | 2013 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | – | – | 25 | RCT | January 2010 and October 2012 |
| Controls | metformin | – | – | 25 | ||||||
| Liu | 2015 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 59/44 | 53.2 ± 11.7 | 103 | RCT | January 2014 and November 2014 |
| Controls | metformin | 63/44 | 57.3 ± 6.9 | 107 | ||||||
| Pan | 2007 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | – | 57.61 ± 11.78 | 35 | RCT | – |
| Controls | metformin | – | 56.3 ± 10.92 | 33 | ||||||
| Shi | 2019 | English | China | GKB | Ginkgo biloba Tablets +Liuwei Dihuang Pills | 146/154 | 60.81 ± 6.36 | 300 | RCT | – |
| Controls | placebos | 151/149 | 60.45 ± 6.19 | 300 | ||||||
| Sun | 2013 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 16/10 | 52.4 ± 7.6 | 26 | RCT | January 2011 and December 2012 |
| Controls | metformin | 11/13 | 55.8 ± 9.1 | 24 | ||||||
| Wang | 2020 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 22/25 | 63.97 ± 1.96 | 47 | RCT | March 2017 and February 2019 |
| Controls | metformin | 26/21 | 64.11 ± 1.38 | 47 | ||||||
| Wu | 2007 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 30/20 | 61.4 ± 3.7 | 50 | RCT | 2004 and 2006 |
| Controls | metformin | 32/16 | 60.8 ± 3.2 | 48 | ||||||
| Xiao | 2016 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo Leaf Extract+metformin | 20/25 | 50.45 ± 4.85 | 45 | RCT | January 2014 and June 2015 |
| Controls | metformin | 19/26 | 50.65 ± 4.75 | 45 | ||||||
| Xie | 2022 | Chinese | China | GKB | Ginkgo biloba Tablets+metformin | 37/17 | 63.4 ± 13.72 | 54 | RCT | January 2018 and December 2018 |
| Controls | metformin | 31/23 | 64.11 ± 1.38 | 54 |
“-” means 'N/A'.