Table 3.

Bias domains with approved definitions in the SEVCO (FEvIR Platform Version 0.80.0, 06.12.2022).

Bias domain	Definition	SEVCO code reference
Selection bias	A bias resulting from methods used to select subjects or data, factors that influence initial study participation, or differences between the study sample and the population of interest	SEVCO:00002
Confounding covariate bias	A situation in which the effect or association between an exposure and an outcome is distorted by another variable. For confounding covariate bias to occur, the distorting variable must be (1) associated with the exposure and the outcome, (2) not in the causal pathway between exposure and outcome and (3) unequally distributed between the groups being compared.	SEVCO:00016
Performance bias	A bias resulting from differences between the received exposure and the intended exposure.	SEVCO:00017
Attrition bias	A bias due to the absence of expected participation or data collection after selection for study inclusion.	SEVCO:00019
Detection bias	A bias due to distortions in any process involved in the determination of the recorded values for a variable.	SEVCO:00020
Analysis bias	A bias related to the analytic process applied to the data.	SEVCO:00021
Reporting bias	A bias due to distortions in the selection or representation of information in study results or research findings.	SEVCO:00023
Early study termination bias	A bias due to the decision to end the study earlier than planned.	SEVCO:00370