Chitosan nanoparticles based on sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol |
Ionotropic gelation |
Ovalbumin as model antigen |
211 ± 5–319 ± 5 |
The highest adhesion rate in vitro was 63% |
+ Sodium alginate embedded nanoparticles have higher mucin binding level |
Amin and Boateng (2022)
|
Sterculia foetida and pullulan-based semi-interpenetrating polymer network gastroretentive microsphere (Chitosan system) |
Emulsion crosslinking |
Amoxicillin,Trihydrate |
57.99 ± 1.53–121.90 ± 1.38 μm |
Drug entrapment efficiency: 88.75 ± 1.18%Mucoadhesion rate: 81.73 ± 1.50%,Drug release rate: 80.43 ± 1.2% |
+ Acid resistant, long retention time in the stomach,– The encapsulation efficiency is affected by glutaraldehyde concentration |
Hadke and Khan (2021)
|
Carbopol-loaded amoxicillin nanospheres (Chitosan system) |
Spray drying |
Amoxicillin |
280–320 nm |
Yield: 92.8% ± 0.9% |
+ High stability in 15°C–25°C,– Clumping is observed at 37°C |
Harsha (2012)
|
Mannosylerythritol Lipid-B-Phospholipidnanoliposome (Lipid system) |
Thin-film hydration methods with ultrasonication |
Amoxicillin |
100 nm |
Drug entrapment efficiency: 65%,Drug release rate: 84.6% |
+ Acid resistance |
Wu et al. (2022)
|
Nanostructured lipid carrier (Lipid system) |
Thermal homogenization and ultrasonic methods |
Hesperidin (Hesp), clarithromycin (CLR) |
221–638 nm |
Drug entrapment efficiency CLR and Hesp: 13%–28%,Inhibition rate: 94.34% ± 3.68% |
+ Biocompatibility, stable in water |
Sharaf et al. (2021)
|