TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants included in the final sample
| N | EOAD 243 | EOnonAD 78 | CN 87 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 59.2 ± 4.1a | 58.7 ± 5.9 | 56.9 ± 5.9 |
| Sex, male/female (%female) | 112/131 (54%)b | 51/27 (35%)a,b | 33/54 (62%) |
| Education, y | 15.4 ± 2.4a | 15.5 ± 2.5a | 16.7 ± 2.1 |
| APOE ε4 alleles, 0/1/2 (% ε4 carriers) | 97/85/32 (55%)c | 42/28/2 (42%) | 49/28/8 (42%) |
| Ethnicity, Hispanic (%) | 8 (3%) | 3 (4%) | 7 (8%) |
| Race, White/Black/Asian/more than one/unknown (% White) | 226/8/4/4/1 (93%)a | 68/4/1/3/2 (90%)a | 63/15/5/3/1 (73%) |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| CDR sum of boxes | 3.7 ± 1.8a,b | 3.0 ± 2.a,b | 0.0 ± 0.1 |
| MMSE | 21.6 ± 5.1a,b | 25.5 ± 4.2a,b | 29.2 ± 0.9 |
| MOCA | 16.1 ± 6.0a,b | 21.6 ± 4.7a,b | 27.0 ± 2.5 |
| MCI/dementia, (% dementia) | 64/117 (73%)b | 42/36 (46%) | n.a. |
Note: For continuous variables,data is shown as mean ± SD and Welch’s ANOVA were conducted withGames-Howell post-hoctests. Forcategoricalvariables, data is presented as n and percentages. For group comparisons, categorical variables with more than two levels were binned to avoid cells with small values (ApoE coded as ε4 carriers vs. non carriers; race coded as White vs. other races), and chi-squared tests were conducted.
Abbreviations: APOE, apolipoprotein E; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating; CN, cognitively normal; EOAD, early-onset Alzheimer’s disease; EOnonAD, early- onset non-Alzheimer’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination.; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; n.a., not applicable.
p < 0.05 group is different from CN.
p < 0.05 between EOAD and EOnonAD group.
p = 0.055 for both EOAD versus EOnonAD and EOAD versus CN.