Table 3.

Adjusted Linear Mixed Modeling on the Effect of Walkability on Step Count over 12 Months

Parameters	Level	b	SE	LCL Mean	UCL Mean	t	P
intercept		9167.14	1487.75	6251.00	12083.27	6.16	<.001
Treatment	SM+FB	674.84	392.91	−95.25	1444.93	1.72	.086
	SM	reference
Visit	12Mo	−1443.75	227.49	−1898.18	−989.32	−6.35	<.001
	6Mo	−416.18	195.68	−800.94	−31.41	−2.13	.034
	baseline	reference
Treatment*Visit	SM+FB and 12Mo	−409.70	282.66	−966.40	146.99	−1.45	.149
	SM+FB and 6Mo	−227.33	264.89	−746.91	292.26	−0.86	.391
	SM and baseline	reference
Walkability	car dependent (0–49)	415.05	344.50	−260.21	1090.30	1.20	.228
	walkable (50–100) neighborhoods	reference
Treatment*Walkability	SM+FB and car dependent (0–49)	−816.48	484.83	−1766.75	133.80	−1.68	.092
	SM and walkable (50–100) neighborhoods	reference
Education (years)		64.57	42.86	−19.45	148.59	1.51	.132
Age (years)		13.62	8.93	−3.89	31.13	1.53	.127
Exercise self-efficacy		619.68	144.11	337.22	902.14	4.30	<.001
BMI		−130.24	30.41	−189.84	−70.63	−4.28	<.001
Gender	Female	−1314.10	304.22	−1910.73	−717.48	−4.32	<.001
	Male	reference
Race	African American, American Indian, Asian, Multi-racial	−684.99	329.75	−1331.48	−38.51	−2.08	.038
	White	reference

Note: P-values were obtained from t-test for fixed-effect parameter estimates; b=beta regression coefficient; SE= standard error