TQ ameliorates colonic inflammation in WT mice. (A) In the acute DSS (Ac DSS) model of colitis, TQ reduced the mRNA levels of key inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, and TNF-α in the colons of WT B6 mice. TQ, however, had no effect on IL-10 mRNA levels in this acute DSS colitis model. (B) In the chronic DSS (Ch DSS) model of colitis, TQ reduced the mRNA levels of key inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, TNF-α, and IL-17A in the colons of WT B6 mice compared to vehicle (Veh) administered mice. In this model of colitis, TQ also increased the levels of IL-10 mRNA. (C) In the T cell colitis model, TQ gavaging reduced the mRNA levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and TNF-α in the colons from Rag−/− B6 mice. Like the Ac DSS model, TQ had no significant effect on IL-10 mRNA levels in this model of colitis. Data represented as mean ± SEM, n ≥ 3/group from two independent experiments. Student’s t-test or one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. ns = not significant; a.u = arbitrary units.