Table 2.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Patients aged 18 years or more	Previous receipt of a quinolone, macrolide, or ceftriaxone or more than one dose of any other antibiotic within 72 h prior to enrolment (excepted prophylactic antibiotics or antibiotics given for urinary tract infection)
Acute LRTI (acute illness, less than 21 days, with at least one lower respiratory tract symptom, i.e., cough, sputum, dyspnea, chest pain, and no alternative explanation)	Acute care hospital stay in the previous 14 days
At least one of the following clinical criteria:	Cystic fibrosis
o Focal abnormal auscultation (decreased breath sounds, crackles, bronchial breath sounds)	Severe COPD (≥GOLD 3 or if not available, as a proxy: exacerbation treated with antibiotics during the last 6 months)
o Fever (documented temperature ≥ 38°C in the last 24 h, including self-measured temperature ≥ 38°C)	Severe immunodeficiency (drug-induced neutropenia with <500 neutrophils/mm3, HIV infection with CD4<200 cells/mm3, solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipient, prednisone ≥ 20 mg/day for >28 days)
o Tachypnoea (respiratory rate ≥ 24/min)	Initial admission of the patient in the intensive care unit
o Tachycardia (heart rate ≥ 100/min	Microbiologically documented infection with SARS-CoV-2 (in the last 10 days)
	Lack of decision-making capacity