Table 5. Physiochemical Characteristics, ADME, and Drug-Likeness Parameters Generated by SWISS ADME and ADMETlab 2.0a.
| physiochemical
characteristics |
ADME |
drug-likeness |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| molecule | nRB | nHB A | nHB D | TPSA (A2) | GI ABS | P-gp SUB | VD L/kg | CYP2C9 INH | CYP2D6 INH | CYP3A4 INH | CL mL/min/kg | T1/2 (h) | LIPVIO | GHO VIO | VEB VIO | EGA VIO | MUE VIO | F (%) |
| umbelliferone | 0 | 3 | 1 | 50.44 | high | no | 0.603 | no | no | no | 13.575 | 0.834 | yes | 1 | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
| 2-coumaric acid | 2 | 3 | 2 | 57.53 | high | no | 0.276 | no | no | no | 4.228 | 0.909 | yes | yes | yes | yes | 1 | 0.85 |
| daphnetin | 0 | 4 | 2 | 70.67 | high | no | 0.551 | no | no | no | 16.080 | 0.890 | yes | 1 | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
| scopoletin | 1 | 4 | 1 | 59.67 | high | no | 0.689 | no | no | no | 13.312 | 0.850 | yes | yes | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
| sinapic acid | 4 | 5 | 2 | 75.99 | high | no | 0.450 | no | no | no | 7.776 | 0.933 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.56 |
| koumidine | 1 | 2 | 2 | 39.26 | high | yes | 2.698 | no | yes | no | 11.457 | 0.228 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| 3,7-dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyflavone | 3 | 6 | 2 | 89.13 | high | no | 0.712 | yes | yes | yes | 6.184 | 0.885 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| bergenin | 2 | 9 | 5 | 145.91 | low | no | 0.684 | no | no | no | 4.946 | 0.761 | yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | yes | 0.55 |
| (methylsulfanyl)butyl glucosinolate | 10 | 10 | 5 | 225.09 | low | yes | 0.895 | no | no | no | 1.030 | 0.443 | yes | yes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.11 |
| isomajdine | 4 | 8 | 1 | 89.82 | high | no | 1.333 | no | yes | no | 8.770 | 0.344 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| p-coumaraldehyde | 2 | 2 | 1 | 37.30 | high | no | 1.048 | no | no | no | 10.138 | 0.897 | yes | 2 | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
| eugenol | 3 | 2 | 1 | 29.46 | high | no | 0.833 | no | no | no | 14.042 | 0.887 | yes | yes | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
| dehydrosalsolidine | 2 | 3 | 0 | 30.82 | high | no | 1.421 | no | no | no | 9.037 | 0.740 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| scoparone | 2 | 4 | 0 | 48.67 | high | no | 0.882 | no | no | no | 11.015 | 0.814 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| hydrocotarnine | 1 | 4 | 0 | 30.93 | high | yes | 2.468 | no | yes | no | 13.790 | 0.586 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| ellipticine | 0 | 1 | 1 | 28.68 | high | yes | 1.235 | no | yes | yes | 7.423 | 0.275 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| hulupinic acid | 4 | 4 | 2 | 74.60 | high | no | 1.186 | no | no | no | 6.840 | 0.177 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.85 |
| 2′,5-dimethoxyflavone | 0 | 1 | 1 | 20.23 | high | no | 0.935 | no | no | no | 11.898 | 0.398 | yes | yes | yes | yes | 2 | 0.55 |
| koumine | 1 | 3 | 0 | 24.83 | high | no | 2.871 | no | yes | yo | 4.046 | 0.052 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| vincanidine | 1 | 3 | 2 | 52.57 | high | yes | 2.051 | no | yes | yo | 11.548 | 0.360 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| myricetin | 1 | 8 | 6 | 151.59 | low | no | 0.633 | no | no | yes | 7.716 | 0.945 | 1 | yes | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.55 |
| gardnutine | 1 | 3 | 1 | 37.49 | high | yes | 3.279 | no | yes | no | 5.545 | 0.111 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| tabersonine | 3 | 3 | 1 | 41.57 | high | yes | 1.560 | yes | yes | yes | 7.066 | 0.144 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| isocorydine | 3 | 5 | 1 | 51.16 | high | yes | 1.489 | no | yes | yes | 7.697 | 0.404 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| oxoglaucine | 4 | 6 | 0 | 66.88 | high | no | 0.879 | yes | yes | yes | 6.990 | 0.418 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| protopine | 0 | 6 | 0 | 57.23 | high | yes | 2.131 | yes | yes | yes | 16.684 | 0.229 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| chlorogenic acid | 5 | 9 | 6 | 164.75 | low | no | 0.351 | no | no | no | 3.251 | 0.928 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.11 |
| cryptopine | 2 | 6 | 0 | 57.23 | high | yes | 2.005 | yes | yes | yes | 14.039 | 0.446 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| ethylrhoeagenine | 2 | 7 | 0 | 58.62 | high | no | 1.557 | no | yes | yes | 11.629 | 0.072 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| S,R-noscapine | 4 | 8 | 0 | 75.69 | high | no | 1.543 | yes | yes | yes | 5.492 | 0.127 | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | 0.55 |
| epsilon-viniferin | 4 | 6 | 5 | 110.38 | high | no | 0.816 | yes | no | no | 11.765 | 0.681 | yes | 1 | yes | yes | 1 | 0.55 |
nRB: num. rotatable bonds; nHB A: num. H-bond acceptors; nHB D: num. H-bond donors; TPSA: topological polar surface area; GI ABS: gastrointestinal absorption; P-gp SUB: P-glycoprotein substrate; VD: volume distribution, optimal 0.04-20L/kg; CYP INH: cytochrome P450 inhibitor; CL: clearance, high >15 mL/min/kg; LIP VIO: lipinski, YES is 0 violation; GHO VIO Ghose; VEB VIO: Veber; EGA VIO: Egan; MUE VIO: Muegge; F: bioavailability score.