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. 2024 Jan 8;58(3):1495–1508. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07874

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Physiological compression–expansion cycles for Alveofact and vaping chemicals. Results from CSD cycles run at up to 20 cycles per minute for 2 min. (A) Alveofact alone, first and last γ–A iso-cycles. (B) Alveofact with BA, first and last γ–A iso-cycles. (C) Alveofact with BPGA, first and last γ–A iso-cycles. BA and BPGA were added in a 1:10 molar ratio to the major surfactant lipids. (D) Comparison of mean γmin of the first and last 5 cycles for each condition. (E) Temporal evolution of γmin over all cycles for each condition. Alveofact alone is fitted to a monoexponential decay curve. Alveofact–BA and Alveofact–BPGA are fitted to biexponential decay curves. (F) Global compressibility of the first and last cycles relative to the first cycle of Alveofact. (G) Mean hysteresis of the first three and last three cycles, relative to the first three cycles for Alveofact. Three independent replicates for each condition. Significance values represent results from a two-way ANOVA; “ns”: not significant (p > 0.05), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.