Table 3.
Host range of Phytophthora palmivora Butler, within Orchidaceae.
| Host | Disease caused | Geographical distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Aerides sp. | black rot | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Arachnis Maggie Oei | root rot, crown rot | Malaysia (Lim, 1980) |
| Aranda Christine, Aranda Deborah, Aranda Wendy Scott var. Greenfield, Aranda Wendy Scott | root rot, crown rot, top rot (black rot) | Malaysia (Lim, 1980; Tang, 1977) |
| Aranda sp. | leaf blight | Malaysia (Turner, 1966) |
| Aranthera James Storie, | root rot, crown rot | Malaysia (Lim, 1980) |
| Ascocenda sp. | black rot, | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994), Taiwan (Deng et al., 2015) |
| Brassavola sp. | black rot of leaf and heart rot | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995) |
| Brassocattleya sp. | black rot of leaf and heart rot | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995; Cating et al., 2008) |
| Broughtonia sp. | black rot of leaf and heart rot | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995) |
| Cattleya hybrids | black rot | Florida, USA (Cating et al., 2008) |
| Cattleya skinneri | leaf blight | Malaysia (Turner, 1966) |
| Cattleya sp. | leaf and heart rot, black rot, leaf blight, wilting, seedling death | Java (Schwarz, 1927); Hawaii, USA (Hine, 1962; Uchida and Aragaki, 1991), Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995); Sri Lanka (Zentmyer et al., 1973); Taiwan (Chen and Hsieh, 1978; Ann, 1995; Yeh et al., 1998); Australia (Forsberg, 1985); Brazil (South Bahia; dos Santos, 2012); Malaysia (Turner, 1966); Japan (Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Cymbidium formosanum | black rot, wilting, seedling death | Taiwan (Ann, 1995) |
| Cymbidium hybridum | blackening of leaves, stems, flowers, and root rots | Poland (Orlikowski and Szkuta, 2006) |
| Cymbidium owakensis | black rot, wilting, seedling death | Taiwan (Ann, 1995) |
| Cymbidium sp. | crown rot, leaf, and root rot | Taiwan (Ann, 1995; Hsu et al., 2002); Korea Republic (Hong et al., 1998); Poland (Orlikowski et al., 2008); Japan (Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Dendrobium bigibbum | black rot, leaf | Japan (Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Dendrobium crumenatum | leaf and heart rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927 |
| Dendrobium maccarthiae | wilt, black rot, and leaf rot | Sri Lanka (Petch, 1921; Gadd, 1924); USA (Hine, 1962; Erwin and Ribeiro, 1996) |
| Dendrobium phalaenopsis | blackening of leaves, stems, flowers, and root rots | Poland (Orlikowski and Szkuta, 2006); Japan (Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Dendrobium sp. | black rot, leaf and root rot, seedling death, black necrosis on a cane, leaf blight, blossom spots | Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994); Australia (Forsberg, 1985), Thailand (Khairum et al., 2016); Poland (Orlikowski et al., 2008); Brunei Darussalam (Peregrine and Ahmad, 1982); Taiwan (Ann, 1995), Hawaii, USA (Uchida, 1994; Uchida and Aragaki, 1991) |
| Dinema polybulbon | black rot of leaf and pseudobulb | Japan (Suzuki et al., 2008; Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Epidendrum sp. | leaf and stem blight, leaf and root rot, seedling damping off, blackening of leaves, stems, and flowers | USA (Hine, 1962), Hawaii, USA (Uchida and Aragaki, 1991); Poland (Orlikowski and Szkuta, 2006; Orlikowski et al., 2008) |
| Gongora sp. | black rot | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Grammatophyllum scriptum | leaf blight, heart rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927) |
| Grammatophyllum speciosum | leaf and heart rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927) |
| Laelia sp. | black rot of leaf and heart rot | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995) |
| Laeliocattleya sp. | black foliar rots, root rot, heart rot, leaf blight seedling damping off | Malaysia (Turner, 1966); Hawaii, USA (Uchida and Aragaki, 1991), Florida USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995; Cating et al., 2008) |
| Maxillaria sp. | black rot | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Miltonia sp. | black rot | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Oncidium sp. | leaf and heart rot; black rot, wilting, seedling death; root and pseudobulb rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927); Taiwan (Ann, 1995), Japan (Kiyomeda, 1992; Rahman et al., 2014); Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Paphiopedilum sp. | leaf and stem blight; black foliar rots, root rot, seedling damping off; black rot, wilting, seedling death | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994); Taiwan (Ann, 1995); Hawaii, USA (Uchida and Aragaki, 1991); USA (Hine, 1962) |
| Paphiopedilum hybrid, | black foliar rots, root rot | Australia (Forsberg, 1985) |
| Phaius sp. | black rot, wilting, seedling death | Taiwan (Ann, 1995) |
| Phalaenopsis schilleriana | leaf and heart rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927) |
| Phalaenopsis amabilis | root rot, black rot, leaf, and heart rot | Indonesia (Schwarz, 1927), Java (Schwarz, 1927) |
| Phalaenopsis aphrodite | black rot and leaf rot | Taiwan (Anonymous, 1979) |
| Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana | blackening of leaves, stems, and flowers, leaf, and root rot | Poland (Orlikowski and Szkuta, 2006; Orlikowski et al., 2008) |
| Phalaenopsis sp. | black rot, wilting, seedling death | Philippines (Ela, 1968); Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994); Taiwan (Wey, 1988; Ann, 1995) |
| Rhynchostylis sp. | black rot | Taiwan (Chen and Hsieh, 1978); Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994) |
| Rhynchostylis gigantea | black rot | Thailand (Wongwan et al., 2021) |
| Ridleyara sp. | leaf blight | Malaysia (Turner, 1966) |
| Schomburgkia sp. | black rot, | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994); |
| Sophronitis sp. | black rot of leaf and heart rot | Florida, USA (Alfieri et al., 1994; Simone and Burnett, 1995) |
| Vanda coerulea | leaf rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927); USA (Hine, 1962), India (Erwin and Ribeiro, 1996) |
| Vanda hybrid cv. Bangkok Blue | black rot | Guam is a territory of the USA (Brown et al., 2007) |
| Vanda hybrids | root rot, crown rot | Malaysia (Lim, 1980) |
| Vanda lamellata | black rot | Philippines (Ros, 1985; Divinagracia and Ros, 1986) |
| Vanda limbata | leaf blight and heart rot | Java (Schwarz, 1927 |
| Vanda sp. | black rot, wilting, seedling death, leaf blight, crown rot, blossom spots, and rots | Hawaii, USA (Uchida, 1994; Uchida and Aragaki,1991); Singapore (Thompson, 1958, 1959); Australia (Forsberg, 1985); Malaysia (Turner, 1966), Indonesia (Purwantara et al., 2004); Thailand (Takahito et al., 1979); Brunei Darussalam (Peregrine and Ahmad, 1982); Taiwan (Ann, 1995); Japan (Rahman et al., 2014) |
| Vanilla planifolia | black rot in roots, foot, stem, leaf, and pod | Reunion (Kopp, 1930); French Polynesia (Mu and Tsao, 1987; Tsao and Mu, 1987); Thailand (Sangchote et al., 2004) |
| Zygopetalum mackayi | blackening of leaves, stems, flowers, and root rots | Poland (Orlikowski and Szkuta, 2006) |