Table 4. Hierarchical regression for the proposed model.

Predictor Variables	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Control Variables
Age	0.12*	0.11*	0.09
Gender	0.07	0.00	0.01
Group formation	0.03	0.05	0.03
Independent Variables
Internal Team environment		0.27***	0.22***
Friends support		0.09	0.10*
Family support		0.37***	0.32***
Institutional support		0.11*	0.04
Mediating Variable
Academic engagement			0.21***
R2	.02	.36***	.40***
ΔR2	.02	.35	.03
Adjusted R2	.01	.35	.38
F	1.7	24.68***	24.74***
ΔF	.29	12.6***

N = 309. *p < 0.05

**p < 0.01

***p < 0.001.

All coefficients are standardized; One-tail significance values are reported.