Knockdown of PAR2 inhibits ovarian cancer growth and peritoneal dissemination. Mice were injected i.p. with either wt ovarian cell carcinoma ES2 cells (1 × 106) or with clones of shRNA-hPar2 ES2 cells. Left panel: image of representative intact control, wtES2 and ES2 shRNA-Par2-injected mice. In the presence of ES2 cells (of high PAR2 levels), a swollen peritoneum is observed; this is not seen in the control or shRNA-Par2-injected mice. Right panel: open abdomen. While disseminated ovarian cancer foci are seen in the ES2-inoculated mice, no cancer foci are seen in the shRNA-Par2-inoculated clones or in control non-injected mice (n = 7 mice per treatment). (A) Control non treated mouse. (B) sh RNA-Par2 inoculated ES2 cells into the peritoneum, clone1. (C) sh RNA-Par2 inoculated ES2 cells into the peritoneum, clone 2. (D) ES2 peritoneal inoculation, mouse 1. (E) ES2 peritoneal inoculation, mouse 2. (F) ES2 peritoneal inoculation, another view of mouse1.