| SPMs | specialized pro-resolving mediators |
| MDSCs | myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| CRS | cytokine release syndrome |
| ILCs | innate lymphoid cells |
| PAMPs | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PRRs | pattern recognition receptors |
| iPRRs | inhibitory pattern recognition receptors |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells |
| APC | antigen-presenting cell |
| TCR | T-cell receptor |
| IFN-γ | interferon gamma |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TLR2 | Toll-like receptor 2 |
| IL-4 | interleukin 4 |
| IL-6 | interleukin 6 |
| IL-7 | interleukin 7 |
| IL-8 | interleukin 8 |
| IL-10 | interleukin 10 |
| IL-13 | interleukin 13 |
| GM-CSF | granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| M-CSF | macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| ICs | immune complexes |
| GCs | glucocorticoids |
| LIF | leukemia inhibitory factor |
| CTLA-4 | cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
| PD-1 | programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | programmed death ligand 1 |
| CLP | cecal ligation and puncture |
| HLA-DR | human leukocyte antigen DR isotype |
| ET | endotoxin tolerance |
| HMGB1 | high mobility group box 1 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| Bcl-2 | B cell lymphoma 2 |
| FasL | Fas ligand |
| Bax | Bcl-2-associated X protein |
| Bak | Bcl-2 antagonist killer 1 |
| LTx | lethal toxin |
| TUNEL | transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling |
| G-CSF | granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
| CXCL2 | chemokine ligand 2 |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| M-MDSCs | monocytic MDSCs |
| PMN-MDSCs | polymorphic MDSCs |
| GPR18 | G-protein-coupled receptor 18 |
| RvD1 | resolvin D1 |
| RvD2 | resolvin D2 |
| PTX3 | pentraxin 3 |
| HLA | human leukocyte antigen |
| MHC | major histocompatibility complex |
| APC | antigen-presenting cell |
| SOFA | sequential organ failure assessment |
| AA | arachidonic acid |
| EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |