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. 2023 Sep 1;20(2):275–294. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2252273

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Figure 7. — Rhabdoviruses induce host autophagy in a conserved way. (A) Y2H assay showing the interaction between NbSnRK1 and various glycoproteins. Yeast strain Y2HGold cells co-transformed with the indicated plasmids were cultured separately on the SD-Trp-Leu-His-Ade and SD-Trp-Leu selection medium. (B) BiFC analysis of the interaction between NbSnRK1 and various glycoproteins. NbSnRK1B-YN was coexpressed with glycoproteins-YC or YC in N. benthamiana leaves. YFP signals were visualized by confocal microscopy. Bars: 50 μm. (C) relative autophagic activity revealed by YFP-NbATG8a in N. benthamiana leaves expressing glycoproteins from different rhabdoviruses. Autophagic bodies are revealed as YFP-positive puncta in the epidermal cells. GUS was used as a negative control. Bars: 50 μm. (D) the average number of YFP-NbATG8a spots in different samples in (C). Experiments were repeated six times and 60 cells in total were counted for the puncta in each treatment. Values represent the mean spots ± SD per 10 cells. One-way ANOVA followed by multiple-comparisons Tukey’s test was used for analyses (*P<.01).