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. 2023 Dec 30;14(1):53. doi: 10.3390/biom14010053

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Inhibition of CaMKII activity decreases risk of atrial alternans. (A): (a) CaT traces recorded in control and after application of CaMKII blocker KN-93 (1 µM; top) and its inactive analogue KN-92 (1 µM; bottom). (b) Mean ± SEM and individual CaT ARs recorded in control and after the application of KN-93 and KN-92 (paired t-test). (B): (a) CaT traces recorded in control cells and in cells preincubated with AIP (1 µM) at 1.6 Hz pacing. (b) Mean ± SEM CaT ARs observed at various pacing frequencies in control cells and in cells preincubated for ≥30 min with AIP (1 µM). (c) Mean ± SEM CaT ARs at different pacing rates in control and AIP-treated cells exhibiting alternans (in this data set non-alternating cells were removed from the analysis. (d) Fraction of cells exhibiting alternans at given frequencies in control cells (N/n = 8/35) and cells preincubated with AIP (N/n = 8/24).