Table 4.

Cytology findings in cats with non-regenerative anemia

Abnormality	Possible locations	Possible causes	Image	Description of image
Erythrophagocytosis	Bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, liver	• Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia 5 • Histiocytic disorder63,70,71 • Multiple myeloma72,73 • Lymphoma58,74 • Acute myeloblastic leukemia 75 • Leishmaniosis 21		Erythrophagocytosis in the spleen of an anemic cat. Courtesy of Andrea Siegel
Increased numbers of mast cells	Bone marrow, spleen	• Mast cell neoplasia • Histiocytic disorder 71 Leukemia 75		Aspiration cytology of a splenic mast cell tumor. Courtesy of Andrea Siegel
Monomorphic population of lymphoid cells	Bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, other organs	• Lymphoma		Renal aspiration showing large granular lymphoma. Courtesy of Andrea Siegel
Fungal organisms	Bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, other organs	• Systemic fungal infection		Transthoracic pulmonary aspiration cytology showing Cryptococcus organisms. Courtesy of Andrea Siegel
Mycobacterium species	Bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, other organs	• Systemic mycobacterial infection25,26		Aspiration cytology of mesenteric lymph nodes containing Mycobacterium species. Reproduced from JFMS 2011; 13: 125–128, with permission of Delphine Rivière
Myelodysplasia	Bone marrow	• Primary myelodysplastic syndromes • Secondary myelodysplasia from drug reaction or radiation therapy		Bone marrow cytology showing a dysplastic, binucleate prorubricyte. Courtesy of Andrea Siegel