Figure 1.

Model systems and induction methods to create glaucoma animal models without chronic IOP elevation. Zebrafish, rodents such as mice and rats, and porcine organ cultures can be used to simulate glaucoma-like damage. To induce glaucoma-like damage in porcine organ cultures of the eye (red box), different excitotoxicity-based substances can be used. In zebrafish, in addition to the excitotoxicity-based substances, genetic modulations can also be carried out to create an NTG model. In rodents, the opportunities range from excitotoxicity-based substances, genetic and immunomodulatory modifications, as well as ischemia/reperfusion induction to optic nerve crush.