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Simplified overview of nanoparticle classifications in X-ray photodynamic therapy (X-PDT). The diagram provides a streamlined depiction of the four major nanoparticle categories, distinguished by scintillator composition, and matched with their corresponding photosensitizers (PSs). Categories include rare earth element-based, metal-based, silicon-based, and quantum dot-based nanoparticles, associated with PSs like Rose Bengal, Verteporfin, NHS-PpIX, and Photofrin, respectively.
