Table 2.
Enzymes identified in DPC processing.
| Enzyme Group | Enzyme | Known Role in DPC Repair | Sensitizes Cells to DPC-Forming Anti-Cancer Drugs | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct Crosslink Removal and Nucleolytic Repair | TDP1 | yes | yes | [83,193] |
| TDP2 | yes | yes | [63,91,169] | |
| Mre11 | yes | unknown | [78,194,195] | |
| CtIP | yes | yes | [80,194,196] | |
| Proteolytic Repair | Wss1 | yes | [100,197] | |
| SPRTN | yes | yes | [94,95,101,102,103,105,112,180] | |
| Proteasome | yes | yes | [83,85,87,91,93,173,174,175,176,177,178] | |
| ACRC | yes | yes | [102] | |
| Covalent Modifications | Ubiquitin-activating Enzyme E1 | yes | [14,82,95] | |
| Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme E2 | ||||
| E3 ubiquitin-ligase BMi1/Ring1A | yes | yes | [90] | |
| SUMO Activating Enzyme (SAE) | yes | yes | [14,84,85,95,102,198] | |
| SUMO ligase ZATT (ZNF451) | yes | yes | [91] | |
| UBC9 SUMO E2 enzyme | yes | [135] | ||
| Cullin Ring-ubiquitin ligases | yes | yes | [198] | |
| RFWD3 | yes | yes | [170,199] | |
| RNF4 | yes | yes | [14,85] | |
| PIAS4 | yes | yes | [14,85] | |
| PARP | yes | yes | [83,89,171,172,200] | |
| Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase inhibitor | yes | unknown | [83] |