Skip to main content
. 2024 Jan 12;25(2):962. doi: 10.3390/ijms25020962

Table 5.

Examples of “selective” therapeutic strategies targeting DAMPs, PAMPs and their signaling pathways.

Therapeutic Strategy
Type of DAMP
HMGB1
  • -

    HMGB1 neutralizing antibodies

  • -

    Heparin, heparin variants, or heparinoids

  • -

    Recombinant HMGB1 A box, P5779 peptide derived by the HMGB1 box B
CIRP
  • -

    Oligopeptide C23
Histones
  • -

    Histones and their fragments

  • -

    Drotrecogin alfa (activated)
ATP, ADP, AMP
  • -

    Alkaline phosphatase
DNA
  • -

    DNAses
mtDAMPs
  • -

    Quinone-based antioxidants

  • -

    Long omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)

  • -

    Deformylase
Type of PAMP
LPS
  • -

    Alkaline phosphatase

  • -

    Synthetic anti-lipopolysaccharide peptides (SALPs)
Flagellin
  • -

    Anti-flagellin sub-type monoclonal antibody
Type of Receptor
TLR4
  • -

    Alkaline phosphatase (AP)

  • -

    Eritoran

  • -

    Resatorvid (TAK242)

  • -

    Small agonists/antagonists (e.g., MPLA)
NLRP3
  • -

    MC950

  • -

    Melatonin
P2
  • -

    AZ 10606120

  • -

    Suramin
RAGE
  • -

    Anti-RAGE antibodies

  • -

    siRNAs

  • -

    Soluble RAGE
TREM-1
  • -

    Soluble TREM-1 (Nangibotide)