Table 2.

Bacterial and mycobacterial tattoo-related side effects and clinical measures.

Side Effects	Bacterial	Mycobacterial
Clinical measures	Staphylococcus aureus/Streptococcus pyogenes/Clostridium difficile/Pseudomonas aeruginosa [3,55]	Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Mycobacterium bovis [3,7,17,58,59]	Mycobacterium chelonae/Mycobacterium abscessus/Mycobacterium fortuitum [6,15,16]	Mycobacterium mageritense [3,60,61]	Mycobacterium leprae [1,3,62]
	Standard bacterial infection management	Multidrug therapy administered in two phases [63]: Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol or Streptomycin	Macrolide antibiotics [64] (Clarithromycin) 4 months in mild cases 6–12 months in severe cases	Antibiotic therapy [64]: Amikacin Imipenem Cefoxitin Fluroquinolones Sulfonamides	Paucibacillary disease [65]: Dapsone + Rifampicin + Clofazimine for 6 months
					Multibacillary disease [65]: Dapsone + Rifampicin + Clofazimine for 12 months
					Rifampicin resistance [65]: 24 months treatment broken down as 6 months of Clofazimine + Ofloxacin and Minocycline followed by 18 months of Clofazimine + Ofloxacin or Minocycline
					Dapsone resistance [65]: Clofazimine + Rifampicin for 6 months