Table 2.
Comparison of patient and disease characteristics between HAQ-DI scores < 2 and HAQ-DI scores ≥ 2.
| HAQ-DI < 2 (n = 157) | HAQ-DI ≥ 2 (n = 58) | p-Value | Mean Difference [95% CI] c | OR [95% CI] d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female, n (%) | 140 (89) | 54 (93) | p = 0.39 | NA | 1.6 [0.5, 5.1] |
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 57.7 (12.7) | 61.6 (13.0) | p = 0.049 | −3.9 [−7.8, −0.02] | NA |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 27.4 (5.7) | 28.1 (6.8) | p = 0.44 | −0.8 [−2.8, 1.2] | NA |
| Single-person household, n (%) | 49 (31) | 18 (31) | p = 0.98 | NA | 1.0 [0.5, 1.9] |
| Higher Education, n (%) | 50 (32) | 12 (21) | p = 0.11 | NA | 0.6 [0.3, 1.2] |
| Works status: ≤66 years old (n = 154) | |||||
| Having a Paid job, n (%) | 41 (26) | 4 (7) | p = 0.002 | NA | 0.21 [0.07, 0.6] |
| Disease duration (years), Mean (SD) | 16.6 (11.2) (n = 141) | 24.9 (15.5) (n = 52) | p < 0.001 | −8.3 [−13.0, −3.7] | NA |
| Difficult-to-treat RA criteria a, n (%) | 34 (42) (n = 81) | 56 (49) (n = 110) | p = 0.26 | NA | 1.45 [0.8, 2.8] |
| RF positive, n (%) | 48 (62) (n = 78) | 79 (73) (n = 109) | p = 0.63 | NA | 1.2 [0.6, 2.4] |
| ACPA positive, n (%) | 51 (64) (n = 80) | 62 (60) (n = 104) | p = 0.12 | NA | 0.6 [0.3, 1.1] |
| DAS-28 b, mean (SD) | 3.1 (1.3) (n = 117) | 3.1 (1.4) (n = 42) | p = 0.99 | −0.004 [−0.5, 0.5] | NA |
| Number of comorbidities ≥2, n (%) | 75 (84) (n = 89) | 110 (89) (n = 124) | p = 0.25 | NA | 1.8 [0.7, 5.0] |
| Joint replacement surgeries ≥1, n (%) | 18 (20) | 62 (50) | p = 0.018 | NA | 2.1 [1.1, 3.8] |
| PROMIS PF-10, mean (SD) | 35.9 (3.4) | 28.4 (5.0) | p < 0.001 | 7.6 [6.1, 9.0] | NA |
| SF-36 PCS, mean (SD) | 31.1 (7.8) | 25.1 (6.2) | p < 0.001 | 6.1 [4.0, 8.1] | NA |
| SF-36 MCS, mean (SD) | 47.4 (12.2) | 44.7 (12.8) | p = 0.17 | 2.6 [−1.1, 6.4] | NA |
| 6MWT distance (meters), mean (SD) | 332 (82) (n = 155) | 234 (94) | p < 0.001 | 98 [72, 124] | NA |
Abbreviations and explanatory: ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; BMI, Body Mass Index; DAS-28, Disease Activity Score; Higher education, Bachelor or Master at University (of Applied Sciences); and doctoral degree program at research universities; PROMIS PF-10, Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Functioning-10; RF, Rheumatoid Factor; SF-36 MCS/PCS, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey Mental/Physical Component Summary Scale; 6MWT; 6-min walk test. a Difficult-to-treat RA definition based on Nagy et al. [7]. b DAS-28 score is based on the ESR and if the DAS-28 score was based on the CRP score the following calculation was used: DAS28-ESR = 3.3928 ×Ln (DAS-28-CRP) + 0.0254 [30]. c Independent samples t-test calculating the mean difference and 95% confidence interval. d Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.