Table 3.
Comparing energy and nutrient intake with waist circumference and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.
| Intake/day | Increased waist circumferencea | p | Elevated blood pressureb | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
| Energy (kcal)c | 1429.0 (1228.6−1429.4) | 1621.0 (1188.0−2174.0) | 0.104 | 1371.4 (1179.9–1681.2) | 1599.5 (1398.0–1833.5) | 0.002 |
| Carbohydrate (g)c | 195.8 (185.0–213.6) | 197.8 (187.2–215.9) | 0.679 | 196.4 (185.6–210.0) | 195.2 (183.6–218.2) | 0.516 |
| Protein (g)d | 63.0 (11.0) | 63.6 (11.2) | 0.801 | 63.2 (11.0) | 62.8 (11.1) | 0.807 |
| Total fat (g)d | 42.9 (8.1) | 39.2 (9.0) | 0.054 | 42.5 (8.6) | 42.2 (7.5) | 0.83 |
| Total fiber (g)c | 12.3 (10.1–14.1) | 13.5 (11.3–15.5) | 0.071 | 12.3 (10.3–14.6) | 12.1 (10.1–14.0) | 0.588 |
| Cholesterol (mg)c | 194.8 (153.0–239.5) | 182.9 (161.5–208.6) | 0.765 | 194.2 (153.8–237.0) | 185.5 (154.1–242.7) | 0.685 |
| Vitamin A (µg)c | 564.5 (370.1–783.6) | 493.2 (295.7–673.5) | 0.355 | 564.9 (367.5–787.8) | 548.7 (401.3–727.3) | 0.719 |
| Vitamin C (mg)c | 81.5 (55.0–107.8) | 104.3 (57.3–125.9) | 0.154 | 81.7 (55.1–111.0) | 86.3 (53.7–108.9) | 0.914 |
| Vitamin E (mg)c | 11.4 (8.9–14.4) | 11.6 (8.6–14.7) | 0.788 | 11.3 (8.9–14.5) | 11.7 (8.9–14.1) | 0.634 |
| Copper (mg)c | 0.84 (0.73–0.95) | 0.83 (0.78–0.93) | 0.827 | 0.8 (0.8−0.10) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.286 |
| Magnesium (mg)d | 169.6 (28.8) | 175.1 (24.8) | 0.304 | 170.1 (27.6) | 170.7 (30.5) | 0.901 |
| Selenium (µg)d | 57.0 (15.5) | 52.9 (14.8) | 0.187 | 53.4 (14.8) | 53.4 (17.2) | 0.982 |
| Zinc (mg)c | 6.2 (5.3–7.6) | 6.2 (5.8–7.6) | 0.534 | 6.3 (5.3–7.8) | 5.9 (5.4–7.2) | 0.2 |
| Potassium (mg)c | 1683.6 (1411.6–1941.7) | 1751.2 (1552.5–2007.2) | 0.216 | 1688.9 (1439.0–1938.5) | 1684.9 (1418.8–1970.1) | 0.862 |
| Sodium (mg)c | 2022.2 (1698.4–2315.4) | 2073.4 (1819.4–2351.6) | 0.621 | 2002.7 (1718.1–2308.7) | 2113.7 (1833.5–2462.6) | 0.118 |
aReference values: >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women (NCEP, 2002); bReference values: systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg (NCEP, 2002); cData presented as median (Q1 = quartile 1 or percentile 25; Q3 = quartile 3 or percentile 75); dData presented as mean (standard deviation); significant values are given in bold (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test and Student's t test).