Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants according to tertiles of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index.
| TyG quartiles | Total | Q1 (4.96–8.18) | Q2 (8.18–8.52) | Q3 (8.52–8.95) | Q4 (8.95–12.14) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 5865 | 1466 | 1466 | 1466 | 1467 | |
| Age, years | 56.69 ± 8.31 | 56.70 ± 8.54 | 56.81 ± 8.54 | 56.80 ± 8.11 | 56.45 ± 8.03 | 0.631 |
| Gender, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Male | 2759 (47.04%) | 778 (53.07%) | 705 (48.09%) | 636 (43.38%) | 640 (43.63%) | |
| Female | 3106 (52.96%) | 688 (46.93%) | 761 (51.91%) | 830 (56.62%) | 827 (56.37%) | |
| Education level | 0.565 | |||||
| Primary or lower | 3840 (65.47%) | 966 (65.89%) | 973 (66.37%) | 961 (65.55%) | 940 (64.08%) | |
| Secondary | 1816 (30.96%) | 453 (30.90%) | 440 (30.01%) | 459 (31.31%) | 464 (31.63%) | |
| Higher | 209 (3.56%) | 47 (3.21%) | 53 (3.62%) | 46 (3.14%) | 63 (4.29%) | |
| Per capita household consumption, yuan/year | 4940 (2896–8651) | 4740 (2739–8475) | 4885 (2904–8628) | 4921 (2944–8440) | 5235(3010–9129) | 0.034 |
| Smoke, n (%) | 0.005 | |||||
| Never | 3555 (62.16%) | 838 (58.64%) | 889 (62.12%) | 907 (63.16%) | 921 (64.72%) | |
| Former | 414 (7.24%) | 106 (7.42%) | 97 (6.78%) | 95 (6.62%) | 116 (8.15%) | |
| Current | 1750 (30.60%) | 485 (33.94%) | 445 (31.10%) | 434 (30.22%) | 386 (27.13%) | |
| Drink, n (%) | 0.233 | |||||
| Never | 3828 (69.70%) | 903 (66.40%) | 952 (69.69%) | 993 (71.59%) | 980 (71.07%) | |
| Light | 579 (10.54%) | 158 (11.62%) | 142 (10.40%) | 140 (10.09%) | 139 (10.08%) | |
| Moderate | 254 (4.62%) | 65 (4.78%) | 63 (4.61%) | 61 (4.40%) | 65 (4.71%) | |
| High | 831 (15.13%) | 234 (17.21%) | 209 (15.30%) | 193 (13.91%) | 195 (14.14%) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.741 | |||||
| Married | 5372 (91.61%) | 1347 (91.88%) | 1337 (91.20%) | 1347 (91.95%) | 1341 (91.41%) | |
| Divorced | 62 (1.06%) | 19 (1.30%) | 18 (1.23%) | 11 (0.75%) | 14 (0.95%) | |
| Widowed | 430 (7.33%) | 100 (6.82%) | 111 (7.57%) | 107 (7.30%) | 112 (7.63%) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 767 (13.08%) | 41 (2.80%) | 91 (6.21%) | 155 (10.57%) | 480 (32.72%) | < 0.001 |
| Waist, cm | 82.15 ± 11.83 | 79.02 ± 10.71 | 81.37 ± 11.11 | 82.87 ± 11.33 | 85.50 ± 13.16 | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.57 (20.52–24.84) | 21.52 (19.73–23.61) | 22.29 (20.21–24.36) | 22.65 (20.65–25.01) | 24.08 (21.95–26.30) | < 0.001 |
| WBC, 109/L | 6.13 ± 1.80 | 5.92 ± 1.79 | 5.98 ± 1.78 | 6.16 ± 1.75 | 6.45 ± 1.82 | < 0.001 |
| MCV, fL | 90.41 ± 8.62 | 90.57 ± 9.13 | 90.07 ± 8.89 | 90.53 ± 8.64 | 90.48 ± 7.75 | < 0.001 |
| Hematocrit, % | 41.27 ± 6.23 | 40.97 ± 6.32 | 40.95 ± 6.23 | 41.29 ± 5.99 | 41.87 ± 6.33 | < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 14.33 ± 2.19 | 14.18 ± 2.32 | 14.21 ± 2.14 | 14.32 ± 2.08 | 14.61 ± 2.21 | < 0.001 |
| PLT, 109/L | 209.97 ± 71.20 | 209.27 ± 71.11 | 207.21 ± 70.73 | 209.37 ± 72.13 | 214.05 ± 70.71 | < 0.001 |
| BUN, mg/dL | 15.62 ± 4.36 | 16.30 ± 4.65 | 15.72 ± 4.28 | 15.13 ± 4.17 | 15.33 ± 4.22 | < 0.001 |
| FBG, mg/dL | 106.59 ± 30.28 | 93.99 ± 13.56 | 100.19 ± 13.40 | 104.66 ± 17.24 | 127.49 ± 48.66 | < 0.001 |
| Creatine, mg/dL | 0.76 ± 0.17 | 0.75 ± 0.16 | 0.76 ± 0.17 | 0.77 ± 0.17 | 0.78 ± 0.18 | 0.002 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 190.93 ± 37.26 | 177.78 ± 33.26 | 187.41 ± 32.66 | 194.19 ± 36.35 | 204.31 ± 41.05 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 123.64 ± 91.24 | 59.09 ± 13.08 | 86.49 ± 13.69 | 120.40 ± 21.39 | 228.51 ± 126.17 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 52.05 ± 15.24 | 60.77 ± 15.07 | 55.08 ± 13.76 | 50.37 ± 13.43 | 42.00 ± 11.96 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 115.36 ± 33.45 | 107.67 ± 28.96 | 117.35 ± 29.80 | 121.87 ± 32.91 | 114.54 ± 39.53 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.21 ± 0.73 | 5.06 ± 0.41 | 5.12 ± 0.49 | 5.17 ± 0.55 | 5.51 ± 1.15 | < 0.001 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 4.32 ± 1.17 | 4.16 ± 1.07 | 4.22 ± 1.15 | 4.32 ± 1.17 | 4.57 ± 1.25 | < 0.001 |
| CRP, mg/L | 0.88 (0.50–1.83) | 0.76 (0.44–1.64) | 0.79 (0.46–1.65) | 0.86 (0.50–1.80) | 1.12 (0.62–2.19) | 0.919 |
| SBP, mmHg | 117.31 ± 11.61 | 115.49 ± 11.65 | 116.60 ± 11.67 | 117.81 ± 11.39 | 119.43 ± 11.38 | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 69.99 ± 8.85 | 68.47 ± 8.61 | 69.63 ± 9.13 | 70.66 ± 8.86 | 71.29 ± 8.54 | < 0.001 |
| Pulse, times/min | 71.80 ± 10.10 | 70.28 ± 10.03 | 71.39 ± 9.81 | 72.60 ± 10.23 | 73.01 ± 10.12 | < 0.001 |
| TyG index | 8.60 ± 0.63 | 7.89 ± 0.27 | 8.35 ± 0.10 | 8.72 ± 0.12 | 9.44 ± 0.47 | < 0.001 |
| Use of hypoglycemic drugs, n (%) | 120 (2.07%) | 11 (0.76%) | 17 (1.17%) | 20 (1.39%) | 72 (4.97%) | < 0.001 |
| Use of lipid-lowering drugs, n (%) | 138 (2.40%) | 20 (1.38%) | 27 (1.87%) | 29 (2.04%) | 62 (4.32%) | < 0.001 |
| Sleep duration, n (%) | 0.442 | |||||
| Short | 1583 (28.39%) | 383 (27.32%) | 402 (28.73%) | 427 (30.43%) | 371 (27.06%) | |
| Moderate | 2323 (41.67%) | 598 (42.65%) | 578 (41.32%) | 557 (39.70%) | 590 (43.03%) | |
| Long | 1669 (29.94%) | 421 (30.03%) | 419 (29.95%) | 419 (29.86%) | 410 (29.91%) | |
| New-onset hypertension, n (%) | 1594 (27.18%) | 354 (24.15%) | 397 (27.08%) | 387 (26.40%) | 456 (31.08%) | < 0.001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and numbers (percentage) as appropriate.
BMI body mass index, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CRP C-reactive protein, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MCV mean corpuscular volume, PLT platelet, SBP systolic blood pressure, TyG triglyceride glucose index, WBC white blood cell.