Table 2. Distribution of Population Characteristics Across Tertiles of Black-White Inequity in County Jail Incarceration Rates, California, 1997-2018.
| Black-White jail incarceration inequity, No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (low inequity) | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 (high inequity) | |
| Births | 1 221 644 (12.0) | 3 279 915 (32.2) | 5 699 133 (55.9) |
| Non–blood transfusion severe maternal morbidity | |||
| Yes | 6164 (0.5) | 16 551 (0.5) | 31 055 (0.5) |
| No | 1 215 480 (99.5) | 3 263 364 (99.5) | 5 668 078 (99.5) |
| Severe maternal morbiditya | |||
| Yes | 15 442 (1.3) | 37 587 (1.1) | 65 532 (1.1) |
| No | 1 206 202 (98.7) | 3 242 328 (98.9) | 5 633 601 (98.9) |
| Maternal race and ethnicity | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 8916 (0.7) | 16 685 (0.5) | 17 653 (0.3) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 65 911 (5.4) | 347 916 (10.6) | 955 343 (16.8) |
| Black | 73 207 (6.0) | 144 079 (4.4) | 372 406 (6.5) |
| Hispanic or Latinx | 685 081 (56.1) | 1 655 716 (50.5) | 2 836 528 (49.8) |
| White | 387 932 (31.8) | 1 114 087 (34.0) | 1 512 633 (26.5) |
| Multiracial or otherb | 597 (<0.1) | 1432 (<0.1) | 4570 (0.1) |
| Maternal age, y | |||
| <20 | 138 884 (11.4) | 290 364 (8.9) | 429 228 (7.5) |
| 20-34 | 930 849 (76.2) | 2 461 705 (75.1) | 4 115 465 (72.2) |
| ≥35 | 151 911 (12.4) | 527 846 (16.1) | 1 154 440 (20.3) |
| Maternal education | |||
| High school or less | 741 723 (60.7) | 1 761 240 (53.7) | 2 782 341 (48.8) |
| Some college | 304 018 (24.9) | 793 697 (24.2) | 1 221 537 (21.4) |
| College graduate | 175 903 (14.4) | 724 978 (22.1) | 1 695 255 (29.7) |
| Insurance | |||
| Private | 516 743 (42.3) | 1 633 885 (49.8) | 2 995 719 (52.6) |
| Public or government | 675 345 (55.3) | 1 562 629 (47.6) | 2 495 798 (43.8) |
| Other, unknown, or uninsured | 29 556 (2.4) | 83 401 (2.5) | 207 616 (3.6) |
| County median household income | |||
| Quartile 1 (low) | 175 615 (14.4) | 261 593 (8.0) | 145 856 (2.6) |
| Quartile 2 | 305 598 (25.0) | 400 182 (12.2) | 177 770 (3.1) |
| Quartile 3 | 685 945 (56.1) | 1 481 251 (45.2) | 3 602 002 (63.2) |
| Quartile 4 (high) | 54 486 (4.5) | 1 136 889 (34.7) | 1 773 505 (31.1) |
a
Severe maternal morbidity, including cases with blood transfusion as their only indicator.
b
Multiracial or other category includes individuals who self-identified with at least 2 or more racial groups and those who self-identified as “other” race or ethnicity.