Table 15.
Other bioactivities of SIN.
| Activity | Cell Type or Model In Vitro (Effective Concentrations or IC50 Values) | Mechanism of Action | In Vivo | Year | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose (mg/kg) | Therapeutic Effect | |||||
| Effects on teeth in rats | PDLSCs (0.1–2.0 M) |
↑: ALP activity, deposition of mineralized nodules, OPG, ALP, and RUNX2. ↓: RANKL. |
20, 40 mg/kg | ↑: Alveolar bone structure, BV/TV, OPG, RUNX2, and OCN. ↓: Trap-positive osteoclasts on the compression side, RANKL, and TNF-α. OTM and root resorption inhibition. |
2022 | [220] |
| Promoting skin flap survival | HUVECs (80 μM) |
↑: eNOS, autophagy flux, angiogenesis, cell apoptosis decrease, eNOS, flap survival, and PI3K/Akt pathway. ↓: Oxidative stress. |
NR | 2023 | [221] | |
| Improving benign prostatic hyperplasia | BPH-1 (25, 50 and 100 μM) | ↑: Bax. ↓: SRD5A2, PCNA, BcL-2, and MMP2. |
0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg | Decreased prostate gland (PG) weight coefficient in BPH mice | 2023 | [222] |
NR: None reported. ↓: Decrease or inhibition. ↑: Increase or induction. If IC50 values were reported, we displayed them in the second column. If IC50 values were not reported, we only displayed effective concentrations in the second column.