Table 6.
Evaluation of pre-emergence and post-emergence selectivity applied to lupine (Lupinus albus) plants during the 2019–2020 (GS1) and 2020–2021 (GS2) growing seasons. Phytotoxicity (%): plant susceptibility to herbicide on a scale of 1:100, where 1 depicts no injury on the crop and 100 depicts complete plant necrosis. Plant dry biomass (t ha−1) and grain yield (t ha−1). Coding of the herbicide treatment is as elsewhere.
| GS1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Herbicide Treatment | Phytotoxicity (%) | Plant Dry Biomass (t ha−1) | Grain Yield (t ha−1) |
| WC | 0.0 | 5.4 a | 3.2 ab |
| ACL | 0.0 | 6.4 b | 3.9 bc |
| PEN + CL | 1.7 | 5.4 a | 2.8 a |
| MET + CL | 1.7 | 5.3 a | 3.7 abc |
| BEN | 0.0 | 5.7 ab | 4.1 c |
| TER + PEN | 1.7 | 4.5 c | 3.5 abc |
| s-MET + PEN | 3.3 | 4.4 c | 3.9 bc |
| PYR | 5.0 | 5.2 ac | 3.3 abc |
| FL | 0.0 | 6.5 b | 3.9 bc |
| IMA | 0.0 | 6.3 b | 3.8 bc |
| Mean | - | 5.5 | 3.6 |
| LSDHT (0.05) | - | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| GS2 | |||
| WC | 0.0 | 4.5 a | 2.7 a |
| ACL | 3.3 | 6.3 b | 3.5 abc |
| PEN + CL | 1.7 | 5.2 a | 3.2 ab |
| MET + CL | 1.7 | 5.5 ab | 3.7 b |
| BEN | 0.0 | 6.4 b | 3.9 b |
| TER + PEN | 0.0 | 4.7 a | 3.8 b |
| s-MET + PEN | 3.3 | 4.5 a | 3.3 ab |
| PYR | 0.0 | 4.6 a | 3.1 ab |
| FL | 0.0 | 6.3 b | 3.5 ab |
| IMA | 0.0 | 6.3 b | 3.6 ab |
| Mean | - | 5.4 | 3.4 |
| LSDHT (0.05) | - | 0.4 | 0.3 |
ACL: aclonifen, PEN + CL: pendimethalin plus clomazone, MET + CL: metribuzin plus clomazone, BEN: benfluralin, TER + PEN: terbuthylazine plus pendimethalin, S-MET + PEN: S-metolachlor plus pendimethalin, PYR: pyridate, FL: flumioxazin, IMA: imazamox plus fatty acid esters plus alkoxylate alcohols–phosphate esters. Values without a common letter are statistically significant according to LSD (0.05).