Table 4.

Comparisons between measured resting metabolic rate in the current study (n = 108 professional male rugby union players) and resting metabolic rates derived from the prediction equations.

RMR Method	RMR (kcal·day−1)	Mean Difference (mean ± SD)	95% CI of MD	Effect Size (d)	Sig (p)	RMSE (kcal·day−1)
Measured (IC)	2584 ± 176
Harris–Benedict [28]	2238 ± 201	−346 ± 120	−323 to −369	−2.89	<0.001	366
Cunningham [29]	2330 ± 211	−254 ± 133	−228 to −279	−1.91	<0.001	286
ten Haaf FFM [23]	2378 ± 219	−206 ± 137	−179 to −232	−1.50	<0.001	247
ten Haaf BM [23]	2332 ± 181	−252 ± 113	−230 to −273	−2.23	<0.001	276
Jagim [30]	2778 ± 259	194 ± 157	164 to 224	1.23	<0.001	249
Mackenzie-Shalders LBM [15]	2447 ± 285	−137 ± 185	−102 to −172	−0.74	<0.001	229
Mackenzie-Shalders BM [15]	2417 ± 213	−167 ± 126	−143 to −191	−1.32	<0.001	209
Tinsley FFM [14]	2480 ± 263	−104 ± 150	−75 to −132	−0.69	<0.001	182
Tinsley BM [14]	2562 ± 331	−22 ± 216	19 to −63	−0.10	0.295	216
Newly Developed Equations
Posthumus FFM	2585 ± 146	1.6 ± 96	−20 to 17	0.02	0.861	96
Posthumus BM	2585 ± 140	1.6 ± 105	−22 to 18	0.02	0.875	104

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Mean difference (MD) in RMR between measured and prediction equations presented as mean ± SD, and 95% CI of MD = 95% confidence interval of mean difference (lower bound to upper bound). IC = indirect calorimetry, FFM = fat-free mass, BM = body mass, LMB = lean body mass, Sig = significance, RMSE = root mean squared error. Significance = p < 0.05.